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92CIVIL WAR HISTORY are generally sound, and he is fully aware of the many parallels and relationships between Missouri politics and the national pohtical scene. This book will be a lasting contribution to knowledge and will rank high for years to come among state studies of reconstruction. It proves anew the unique character and cohesive nature of the Radical program, and should answer those students who maintain that the Radicals did not have group identity. LeRoy H. Fischer Oklahoma State University Reconstruction in the South, 1865-1877: First Hand Accounts of the American Southland after the Civil War, by Northerners 6· Southerners . Edited by Harvey Wish. (New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1965. Pp. xiii, 318. $5.95.) This compilation is a useful addition to the growing list of reconstruction documentaries. The introduction affords a general and up-to-date coverage of the postwar problem, while the thirty-three documentary items are of welcome substance and varying point of view. Questions of emphasis and interpretation cannot but be provoked, of course, by the necessarily selective introduction to a subject of such controversy and scope. This reviewer was most satisfied with the discussion of economic factors, of Negro problems and progress, and of southern radical governments, but disturbed by such assertions as those respecting the antebellum function of white supremacy, the moderate reconstruction commitments of Lincoln, and the extent of a postwar "biracial struggle for social equality." The documents themselves are divided into nine chapters, three of which venture beyond the confines suggested by the volume's title to deal with the Johnson-Republican policy debate, Grant's southern policy, and the origin and subsequent judicial interpretation of the Fourteenth Amendment . Direct treatment of the South begins with four balanced selections from well-known travel accounts of the immediate postwar period—those by Trowbridge, Andrews, Truman, and Schurz. Indicative of the touches of originality in this work, the selection from Truman emphasizes the neglected extent of his recognition of the race problem, while that from Schurz is more representative of his presumptuousness than his persuasiveness . Additional chapters on the South deal with the Johnsonian period, the Ku Klux Klan, and one unfortunately entitled "Carpetbag Reconstruction." In effective and fair fashion, the documents range through matters of politics , economics, education, and race, although the author is concerned with the weakness and failure rather than the inspiration and success of southern radicalism, and the coverage accorded political reconstruction itself is disappointingly light. Adding the names of King, Somers, De Leon, De Forest, Nordhoff, Sheridan, and Howard to those previously men- BOOK REVIEWS93 tioned suggests the extent to which the accounts of travelers or "outsiders" dominate the volume. It may also be pertinent to note that the words of actual resident participants include only about five pages by Negroes (excluding an eight page item by Frederick Douglass) and four by a moderate white Republican, in contrast to nineteen pages by a disiUusioned and renegade Carpetbagger and fifty-four by more typical representatives of the white South. Availability alone offers one clue to the manner in which the history of this epoch has been written. Among the more fascinating items in this collection are included a positive appraisal of the freedmen by the antebellum racist Edward A. Pollard and the above mentioned reflections of the carpetbag governor of South Carolina, Daniel H. Chamberlain, whose repudiation of radicalism may be less a deserved reconsideration than an indication of certain intrinsic weaknesses in southern white Republicanism. An interesting comparison to Chamberlain's essay of 1901 is provided by an outstanding gem—a frank and brutal defense of Redemption written by an anonymous white South Carolinian in 1877. The volume concludes with the biased and representative views of Thomas Nelson Page. Otto H. Olsen University of Wisconsin ...

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