Notes and Queries

44 BULLETIN OF FRIENDS HISTORICAL ASSOCIATION. as soon as the colonists arrived. This was usually accompanied by a promise on the part of the employer that the " bounden " child should receive an education and have opportunity to attend school. However primitive the school might be, these Friends of the first epoch were often highly educated men, and it is possible that they could give better instruction than those of the next generation following. (The man was there, if not much equipment. The private schools, as the idea of state educational funds for public education took definite shape, and developed into what we know as the " Public School," were often, in country districts especially, merged with the Friends' meeting schools, the numbers of children available of proper age not warranting two institutions. This led to the smaller school receiving a part of the state funds for the combination district school and the Friends', and where they could be maintained separately, the Friends objected to paying the school tax of the state, and also a teacher of their own denomination. The adjustment was some years in working out, and was complicated at the start by the fact that the separation among Friends came not far from the same time that the law was fairly under way. Gradually the Friends centralized their educational institutions, and the modern system was completed. There are interesting details of finance, conduct, curriculum and textbooks , and to one familiar with the school books of the " early Victorian " period, there are both amusing and sentimental appeals, in the lists given by Professor Woody. We owe him a debt of thanks for giving us a book without which the complete history of Quaker education in America could not be properly written. Amelia M. Gummere. A fourth edition of Caroline E. Stephen's Quaker Strongholds has been published (1923) by the Friends' Bookshop, London. NOTES AND QUERIES. The Twentieth Annual Meeting of the Friends' Historical Society of Philadelphia was held at 20 South 12th Street, Philadelphia, Ii mo. 26, 1923. As the Society has now merged with Friends' Historical Association, this was probably the final annual meeting of the Society. The most important item of business was the decision to merge with the older organization, as described in the leading articles in this number of the Bulletin. The report of the President, Lucy B. Roberts, dealt with various activities ' of the Society, including the proposed Tercentenary Supplement to George Fox's Journal, and the repair of the old log house at 16th and Race Streets which has been kindly offered as a future headquarters for the Society, or Association. NOTES AND QUERIES.45 Henry D. Paxson then exhibited the map reproduced in this number of the Bulletin. George Vaux, Jr., read some interesting and amusing extracts from an original manuscript Book of Discipline and Advices, adopted by Philadelphia Yearly Meeting in 1704, which book has come down in his family. Amelia M. Gummere exhibited a marriage certificate, the property of the Society, recording the marriage of John Obee and Mary Walker, in Second Month, 1692 (1693). The wedding was held at the Bull and Mouth Meeting, London, and contains the names of many Friends prominent at that period. Lucy B. Roberts read an original letter by Dolly Madison, wife of President James Madison, and illustrated it with several portraits of the writer. Albert Cook Myers exhibited a painting, either by or after Heemskerck, of a Friends' Meeting, said to be at the Bull and Mouth, London, about 1680. The engraved view of this meeting is quite familiar to Friends. The following gifts from the estate of Sarah Richards were announced: Moral Almanac, 1838-1846, a Sequel to the English Reader, 1822, by Lindley Murray, and a List of Members, 1902, of the Monthly Meeting of Friends for the Northern District, Philadelphia. The edition of Volume 10, Number 2, of the Bulletin, Fifth Month, 1921, the number dedicated to Allen C. Thomas, is exhausted. Occasional orders from libraries for that number still come in, which cannot be filled unless some members who do not keep a permanent file of the Bulletin are willing to donate their copies to the Association. Such copies...