All This and Something More: Pioneering in International Education (review)

Book Reviews57 (Anne Hutchinson didn't think; she "soaked up" antinomianism (p. 68)), but he virtually ignores many of the spiritual and social achievements ofthese practitioners of radical religion. Lovejoy's analysis of early Quakerism is an example. It is an account based almost totally on anti-Quaker writings. The reader is treated to detailed descriptions of Quakers appearing naked in public (including the theologian Robert Barclay), their "trembling and quaking, . . . shrieking and howling and yelling and roaring . . ." and to an account oftheir desire to "swing with the Spirit" (pp. 113, 115). We learn nothing, however, of Barclay's eloquent spiritual writings, of the astounding level of literacy among Quaker women writers in an age when female illiteracy was nearly universal, ofthe Quakers' attempts to reconcile their individual leanings with the collective wisdom of the meeting, or of their systematic attempts to negotiate rationally with the magistrates. Lovejoy actually comes close to condoning the brutal repression of Quakers in Massachusetts by the Puritan authorities: "What do you do with an increasing body of fanatics who spout at length about an inward light and direct revelation ... the governments which had to put up with the first generation of Quakers had their hands full, . . ." (p. 112). He notes that Massachusetts Puritans, being "good historians," equated the Quakers' behavior with the wild men and women of Munster and the reader is not sure whether he is being sarcastic or not. Lovejoy's account of the Quakers' personal relationships is particularly onesided . He describes contemporaries' fears that the Quakers would make a shambles of marriage and the family, and he states, with no accompanying footnote, that some Quakers, "like enthusiasts then, earlier, and later," were sexually amoral (p. 127). He also describes a Quaker woman who left her family to preach in the southern colonies, returned to find one child dead and the other dying, but soon left again to preach in England (p. 133). He has nothing to say, however, about the vast collection of Quaker correspondence and testimonies which convey their awareness of their domestic responsibilities, the emotional warmth of their family relationships, and the anguish with which they confronted the sickness and death of their children. In the last analysis Lovejoy's book is no more neutral or balanced in its interpretations than those of Christopher Hill or Norman Cohn, although his predisposition toward a rationalist, more conservative posture than that of the enthusiasts is never stated explicitly. It is, however, an immensely useful work which is clear, even humorous in its style; as such, it should be a valuable addition to the growing literature on the history of popular religion during the early modern period. Institute for Advanced Study, PrincetonPhyllis Mack All This and Something More: Pioneering in International Education. By Rachel Davis DuBois. Bryn Mawr: Dorrance & Co., Inc., 1984. $14.95. There are few Quaker autobiographies that give a sweep of human history reflecting a spiritual and social activism quite as extensive as All This and Something More by Rachel Davis DuBois. A special appeal about this contribution to Quaker literature is that it is written by a contemporary Friend whose life has already spanned over nine decades, a period of vast cultural changes in our world. The superstitious whim of a helping nurse at the time of Rachel's birth forecast the foundation of the future that Rachel was destined to lead. The nurse told Rachel's mother, "I'm going to take this baby up to the attic before I take her downstairs so she'll be high-minded." With family encouragement Rachel sought the best from her local Friends school, public school, and from Bucknell University. At college she went through an uneasy social adjustment, perhaps making her particularly sensitive to the "have nots" on the social and professional ladder of accepted mores. 58Quaker History This was the start of a life that became not only high-minded, but high-principled in action. Her opportunities to serve called her to many troubled parts of this country as well as of the world. She does not linger on sins of omission and commission. Hers is an account of what one person has been able to do to help...