Yeats Annual IV

31:3 Book Reviews novel for whom the original in the British Library may be out of reach. In "Orality in Kipling's Kim," David Stewart examines how Kipling indicates the different languages in which his characters speak and the degree of fluency they attain. One or two annoying misprints and a few slips have not been conected. Catherine Wright was not the editor of St Nicholas (50)—that was Mrs. Mary Mapes Dodge; Wright is the author of a paper in the Princeton University Library Chronicle in which Kipling's conespondence with Mrs. Mapes Dodge is quoted. Readers of Thomas Pinney's article in ELT, 29:1 (1986), 83-90, will be aware that Kim o' the Rishti is not the only Kipling manuscript that has survived (58). Kim's mother was a children's nurse, not a washerwoman (88). These, however, are small matters in a book which usefully fills the gap that has followed the earlier anthologies of Kipling criticism: Roger Lancelyn Green's Kipling: The Critical Heritage; John Gross's Rudyard Kipling: The Man, His Work and His World; Andrew Rutherford's Kipling's Mind and Art; and Elliot Gilbert's The Good Kipling. Lisa A.F. Lewis Wallingford, England YEATS ANNUAL IV Richard J. Finneran, ed. Yeats: An Annual of Critical and Textual Studies, IV. Ann Arbor: UMI Research Press, 1986. $49.95 Part of the excellent series "Studies in Modem Literature" produced, with A. Walton Litz as general editor, by the UMI Research Press, this particular volume—Yeats: An Annual of Critical and Textual Studies—gives the non-specialist , whose graduate work on Yeats may not be of recent date, a clear sense of the variety in recent scholarship and criticism. It also gives him, and the graduate student seeking the most cunent research, a guide to what, if just pulled together as the result of individual library research, might appear to be a bewildering set of books and articles. Much credit must go to Professor Finneran who, as editor of this and other UMI publications on Yeats, provides the reader, even one with some expertise, with a sense of what is important in this scholarly and critical output. The volume in hand is, first of all, a useful reference tool in itself. It reprints the abstracts of eleven doctoral dissertations on Yeats produced in 1985, reviews ten books dealing with various aspects of his life and literary career, and refers more briefly to twelve more which deal with Yeats in passing . More significantly, it contains K. P. S. Jochum's usefully annotated bibliography of two hundred forty-seven items published about Yeats in 1984, to which Jochum appends a list of items printed in earlier years which supplement his previous bibliographical listings. These materials are invaluable, for Jochum and his associates enable the researcher to see the range of work being 336 31:3 Book Reviews done on Yeats. The articles which Finneran includes in the volume may be read within this context. There are eight of these essays. The most original, in the sense that it rejects critical assumptions best articulated in the writing of Jacques Derrida , is written by Hazard Adams. The argument is that "because we trust that Yeats himself did write the poetry, we regard the poetry as both a text and an act, but a literary act which must be seen as the product of an authority located intrinsically as the text's totality, uncontrolled by a power outside it regarded as its source of meaning." Put more briefly, Adams argues that the poetry Yeats wrote constitutes a single, coherent text. This continues an argument Adams initiated in 1977, the heart of which is the claim that the critic "must always trust the poetry as a true expression of the text's authority " (3). Adams follows this claim with discussion of the problem of textual authority. He accepts in general the ordering of Finneran's edition of Yeats's poetry, but he argues for relocation of certain longer poems. He returns "The Wandering of Oisin," for example, to its initial position in the text, and he explores the reasons suggested by textual evidence for Yeats's own movement...