Progress and Retreat in Africa: Challenges of a “Frontier” Region

"Frontier Africa" captures the interplay of risk, reward and uncertainty of political and economic life. Economic growth and political advances are halted by disputed elections; high corruption erodes the capacity and legitimacy of state institutions; China is now a major actor that can undercut human rights and democracy efforts; and counter-terrorism emboldens autocratic rulers. In the end, basic needs of the masses of the people for healthcare, education, jobs, and physical security are unmet. The tragic aftermath of the 2007 presidential vote in Kenya demonstrates the continuing significance of personal rule, weak institutions, and electoral systems subject to partisan manipulation.