Abstract

From 1884 to 1920 at the Karema Mission Station on Lake Tanganyika, African girls and women and missionary women created and embraced opportunities and experiences not available to their peers outside the mission. Some of these opportunities were linked to the challenges of founding a new mission in a preindustrial, agricultural society and mirrored those available to women in the early Church in Europe. While gendered norms were more fluid at the mission, racial hierarchies were maintained as Africans performed far more of the manual labor.

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