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  • Contributors

Reed Brody was the Director of the Human Rights Division of the United Nations Observer Mission in El Salvador (ONUSAL) from 1994 through 1995. Prior to that, he served as Executive Director of the International Human Rights Law Group between 1992 and 1994. He was the Executive Secretary and UN representative of the International Commission of Jurists (ICJ) from 1987 until 1992.

David P. Forsythe is Professor and Chair of Political Science at the University of Nebraska-Lincoln. He is the coauthor (with Tom Weiss and Roger Coate) of The United Nations and Changing World Politics, which will appear in a second edition during 1997. He is also the author of Human Rights Policy: Change and Continuity, in US Policy After the Cold War (Randall Ripley and James Lindsey eds., forthcoming 1997) and of The ICRC and Humanitarian Assistance, in International Review of the Red Cross (Sept.–Oct., 1996).

Anne Gallagher obtained her Bachelor of Arts and Bachelor of Laws Degrees from Macquarie University in Australia, and a Master of International Law degree from the Australian National University (ANU). From 1990 to 1992 she was a lecturer in the ANU's Graduate International Law Program. Since 1992 she has worked at the High Commissioner/Centre for Human Rights in Geneva—apart from a sabbatical in Burundi during 1995 as representative of the Raoul Wallenberg Institute for Human Rights and Humanitarian Law. She has published in the fields of environmental protection, women's rights, and human rights training, and is currently working on a doctoral thesis dealing with the human rights of women.

Felipe Gonzalez is Professor of Intenational Human Rights Law and Jurisprudence at Diego Portales University Law School in Santiago, Chile, where he also is the Director of the Department of Investigations, a Center on Law and Public Policy. He also serves as Legal Officer for Latin America with the International Human Rights Law Group. He holds an LL.M. from American University in Washington, D.C. Mr. Gonzalez is coauthor of the book Proteccion Democratica de la Seguridad Interior (Democratic Protection of State Security) (1991). He is the editor of a book on Public Interest Law in Argentina, Chile, Colombia, and Peru (forthcoming).

Anthony R. Gubbay is Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Zimbabwe. He was born in Manchester, England, and holds a BA from the University of Witwatersrand, South Africa, and an MA LLM from Cambridge University. He emigrated to then-Southern Rhodesia in 1958 and commenced private practice as an advocate in Bulawayo. In 1974 he was appointed Senior Counsel, and in 1977 he was sworn in as Judge of the High Court, presiding in Bulawayo. In 1983 he was appointed to the Supreme Court, and became Chief Justice in 1990.

Chief Justice Gubbay has chaired numerous legal bodies and commissions. He is an Honorary Fellow of Jesus College, Cambridge, and holds an Honorary Doctorate from the University of Essex. He is a Patron of the Commonwealth Magistrates' and Judges Association, member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration, and President of the Oxford and Cambridge Society of Zimbabwe.

Maarit Kohonen is a Human Rights Officer at the United Nations High Commissioner/Centre for Human Rights, Geneva, Switzerland. She received her M. Phil. in International Relations from Cambridge University and her B.Sc. (Econ.) in International Relations from the London School of Economics.

Annette Marfording is Senior Lecturer in Law at the University of New South Wales in Sydney, Australia. She received an LL.B from the University of Tübingen, Germany and another LL.B as well as a Diploma in Asian Studies (Japan) from the University of New South Wales. She has published various articles and book chapters on Japanese law, gender equality, and access to justice. She teaches Japanese Law, Comparative Law, and Human Rights in Europe.

Juan E. Méndez is the Executive Director of the Inter-American Institute on Human Rights, though the arguments espoused here are his own. Previously, he was General Counsel at Human Rights Watch. Mr. Méndez wrote this article when he was a Visiting Scholar at the Helen Kellog Institute for International Relations of the University of Notre Dame.

Joseph Slaughter is currently a doctoral...

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