[BOOK][B] The black box society: The secret algorithms that control money and information

F Pasquale - 2015 - degruyter.com
2015degruyter.com
6. Lee H. Fang,“The Invisible Hand of Business in the 2012 Election,” The Nation, November
19, 2003, http://www. thenation. com/article/177252/invisible-hand-business-2012-election.
7. In philosophy, the term is also polysemic. For example, if enough people simply accept
the outputs of a given pro cess as valid, it is a quite useful black box. Some aspects of reality
are simply assumed to be true, without need for further investigation. Graham Harman
stated,“We have a true black box when a statement is simply presented as raw fact without …
6. Lee H. Fang,“The Invisible Hand of Business in the 2012 Election,” The Nation, November 19, 2003, http://www. thenation. com/article/177252/invisible-hand-business-2012-election. 7. In philosophy, the term is also polysemic. For example, if enough people simply accept the outputs of a given pro cess as valid, it is a quite useful black box. Some aspects of reality are simply assumed to be true, without need for further investigation. Graham Harman stated,“We have a true black box when a statement is simply presented as raw fact without any reference to its genesis or even its author. As Latour asks,‘who refers to Lavoisier’s paper when writing the formula H2O for water?’” Harman, Prince of Networks: Bruno Latour and Metaphysics (Melbourne: re. press, 2009), 37. One of the main purposes of this book is to raise enough questions about the results presented by leading Internet and finance firms so that they do not congeal into this kind of black box.
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