Bringing Back the Past: Historical Perspectives on Canadian Archaeology ed. by Pamela Jane Smith, Donald Mitchell (review)

120 LETTERS IN CANADA 1998 Stoppard. El Shiyab emphasizes the importance of preserving the visual and nonvisual effects of the source text by discussing the Arabic translations of two Shakespeare plays. Part 5 is titled 'Poetry.' Drawing from examples in Chinese, Spanish, Welsh, and Latin, Golden carries out an elaborate study of breathing and sound in poetry, showing how these physical aspects of poetry are culturebound , and making the point that these nonverbal features are part and parcel of the written text, and therefore should be accounted for in a translation. In part 6, 'Interpretation/ Poyatos explainS concepts and categories useful for the study and practice of consecutive and simultaneous interpretation . Viaggio and Weale draw from their practical experience to show how the speaker's and the audience's kinesics act as comprehension aids, and the interpreter's own kinesics help in processing and delivery. In the first of two articles in part 7, 'Film and Television,' Varela points out the fact that audiovisual texts as a genre containparalanguage, kinesics, and proxemics, and therefore, in this era of globalization, require a culturally sensitive approach to their translation with a reasonable dose of compensation and recreation to protect weaker target cultures. Zabalbeascoa argues that the importance of nonverbal elements in audiovisual translation calls for a rethinking of the conventional definitions and categorizations in the field of translation. Although the link between nonverbal communication and translation was not always clear in a few articles, the vast majority raise some pertinent issues about nonverbal communication and the challenges it poses to both theorists and practitioners of translation. This pioneering effort opens up a whole new area of study that will certainly be of interest to both translation scholars and students of intercultural as well as intersemiotic communication. (PAUL BANDIA) Pamela Jane Smith and Donald Mitchell, editors_ Bringing Back the Past: Historical Perspectives on Canadian Archaeology Canadian Museum of Civilization, Archaeological Survey of Canada, Mercury Series 158. xvi, 276. $29-95 Archaeology is relatively young in Canada, and only recently has it turned to self-reflection. A few recent publications have examined the growth of Canadian archaeology or certain aspects of it, but Smith and Mitchell's edited volume is the first book-length compilation focused solely on the development of Canadian archaeology as a systematic discipline. The individual chapters in the book are quite adequately reviewed in the introduction and I will not repeat the exercise. In this brief essay, I will focus on what the reader may expect from the book, and on my own impressions. HUMANITIES 121 Bringing Back the Past is ·a collection of papers that features Canadian archaeology and archaeologists from all regions of the country, speaking with many differentvoices and viewpoints. As a whole, the treatment is not highly analytical, although some chapters take a more critical stance than others. Some commentary is provideq. in chapter I, which is more review than introduction; in fact, I recommend reading the 'Introduction' last. There are other editorial oversights (such as the lack of an index) and the reader should be warned that there are a number of typographical errors. As the editors of the volume note in the preface, no 'party-line' was sought from the authors, and no attempt is made to divide the history of Canadian archaeology into developmental stages. This may be disappointing to some readers, but, for a seminal work, I consider it more appropriate than imposition of a rigid historical framework. The importance of this book is that it opens up a window on the tremendous scope, diversity, and complexity of archaeology in Canada, thus providing a foundation for more critical analysis in the future. The domestic and international efforts of Canadian archaeology and its many 'estates' (academic, avocational, governmental, public, First Nations,. and private consulting) are all represented. Many individuals who made a significant impact on Canadian archaeology, but whose work is largely forgotten, are portrayed. I amparticularly pleased that women such as Elsie Jury are given due credit in their own right, and that the careers of Harlan Smith and Douglas Leechman are brought to light. The same sentiment applies to institutions such as the Canadian Institute in the nineteenth century, and the...