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326CIVIL WAR HISTORY and manuscripts in Washington. The notes in the back are somewhat inconvenient since there are no numbers in the text. There are errors, such as a suggestion that Salmon P. Chase was the Democratic candidate for President in 1872, and that the Kansas-Nebraska Act made slavery legal throughout the United States. Yet even those familiar with the Lincoln story are likely to find something new and of interest in the extended account of the funeral, since most biographies end with Lincoln's death. Searcher finds in Lincoln the embodiment of American ideals and in the great outpouring of grief at his death a general American realization of these ideals. For twelve days the funeral train wound over 1,654 miles, stopping at principal cities for public ceremonies of mourning. Even where no stops were scheduled, people stood by the tracks: in Ohio a woman lifted a bouquet towards the train as it hurtled past. This book is several books. Primarily it covers Lincoln's last few days, death, and funeral. Hints to tourists about how to see places and things associated with Lincoln's life and death are scattered throughout. Often the narrative stops for a retrospective section in which Searcher analyzes Lincoln's life and times, much as if he, himself, were a passenger on the funeral train, brooding over the death of Lincoln. Between New York and Albany, for example, Searcher probes the nature of American government to defend Lincoln against vague charges of indulging in "greasy politics." Searcher's wholehearted defense of Lincoln extends to Stanton also, and his post-assassination role receives commendation. Toward the Confederacy , however, he maintains a militant viewpoint and remains unconvinced that the Confederate government was not involved in the death of the President. Gradually the narrative of the funeral fades as Searcher goes deeper into the meaning of the Lincoln ideals. Eventually they merge with "the heritage of the Founding Fathers and the inspiration of the barefoot patriots of Valley Forge, Saratoga, and Yorktown." By this time some of the passengers will have left the train. John Y. Simon Southern Illinois University The Lost Cause: The Confederate Exodus to Mexico. By Andrew F. Rolle. (Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1965. Pp. xv, 248. $5.95.) For many southerners the Confederacy's struggle could not end with the surrender of Robert E. Lee. Some Confederates accepted the shocking defeat only superficially and seethed with hatred as the Reconstruction era altered the ante bellum milieu of the South. Others, like the Snopeses of Faulkner fame, transformed the social and economic structure of the South while worshipping the pageantry of the Stars and Bars. Today, still other southerners carry on the conflict with the Confederate flag flying high on auto aerials. In 1865, however, almost ten thousand southern irreconcilables refused to BOOKBEVIEWS327 recognize the decision at Appomattox Court House and, therefore, they reluctantly emigrated from their beloved homeland to Mexico and Latin America. The Lost Cause is the fascinating story of those soldiers and statesmen who migrated to Mexico rather than remain in their conquered country. It is a sad story. The Confederate exodus inadvertently coincided with the last months of the French intervention and the bloody climax of the civil war between the Juaristas and the foreign forces of Emperor Maximilian. Unfortunately, the émigrés chose to ally themselves with the Mexican emperor whose position became more precarious as the American Civil War ended and the United States protested the French occupation; the existence of so many Confederates south of the border was certainly a basic reason for the American demands that Napoleon III withdraw his soldiers from Mexico. Besides the anticipated adjustment, and language, economic, and settlement problems, the southerners faced a variety of other unexpected difficulties including internal dissension, constant harassment, and civil strife. By the summer of 1867, only two years after General Jo Shelby led the remnants of his tired army across the Rio Grande, the majority of the Confederate colonists were on their way home. Although their ramshackle settlements located in the Veracruz lowlands by Maximilian's decree of September 5, 1865, were debilitated by dissension, ineffectual agricultural endeavors, low caliber colonists, and unfortunate...

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