Arthuriana



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma



Editor

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Executive Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Robyn Malo, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Michael Johnston, English, Purdue University

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editors

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas
Russell Keck, Graduate Student, English, Purdue University

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University

Editorial Assistants

Ryan Naughton, Richard Sévère, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Marissa Buccieri, Jacob Hobson, Chad Judkins, Russell Keck, Crystal Kirgiss, Erin Kissick, Kristin Leaman, David Sweeten, Frank Tobienne, Case Tompkins, Purdue University

Editorial Board

Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
Christine Ferlampin-Acher, French, Université de Rennes (ex officio, IAS President)
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Joan Tasker Grimbert, French, Catholic University of America
Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Patricia Clare Ingham, English, Indiana University
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah-Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Martin B. Shichtman, English, Eastern Michigan University
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Kenneth Tiller, English, University of Virgina at Wise
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University
Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma

Editor

Bonnie Wheeler, English and Medieval Studies, Southern Methodist University

Associate Editor

Jo Goyne, English, Southern Methodist University

Book Review Editor (Medieval Literatures)

Donald L. Hoffman, Chicago

Book Review Editor (Post-Medieval Studies)

Kevin J. Harty, English, La Salle University

Assistant Editor (Arthurnet)

Judy Shoaf, University of Florida, Gainesville

Site Editor

Chris Grooms, English/Welsh, Collin County Community College, Texas

IAS/NAB Newsletter Editor

Logan Whalen, French, University of Oklahoma

Marketing Manager

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University

Marketing Assistants

Rebecca Goldenberg
Emily Redman
Karen Robinson
Richard Sévère
Frank Tobienne
Purdue University
Mica Gould (Grambling)
Molly Martin, (McNeese)

Editorial Assistants

Laura Clark
Linda Sexton,
Southern Methodist University

Editorial Board

Dorsey Armstrong, English, Purdue University
Jean Blacker, French, Kenyon College
Derek Brewer, English, Emmanuel College, Cambridge
James P. Carley, English, York University
Raymond J. Cormier, French, Longwood University
P.J.C. Field, English, University of Wales, Bangor (ex officio, IAS President)
Laurie Finke, Women's and Gender Studies, Kenyon College
Edward Donald Kennedy, English, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
William B. Kibler, French, University of Texas, Austin (ex officio, IAS/NAB President)
Norris J. Lacy, French, Pennsylvania State University
Alan Lupack, Robbins Library, University of Rochester
Carolyne Larrington, English, St. John's College, Oxford
Andrew Lynch, English, University of Western Australia
Debra N. Mancoff, Art History, Chicago
Peggy McCracken, French and Women's Studies, University of Michigan
Maud Burnett McInerney, English, Haverford College
John Matthews, Oxford
Richard J. Moll, English, University of Western Ontario
K. Sarah Jane Murray, French, Baylor University
Henry Hall Peyton III, Editor Emeritus, English, University of Memphis
Peter Schroeder, English, California State University, San Bernardino
Elizabeth S. Sklar, English, Wayne State University
Christopher Snyder, History, Marymount University
Robert Sturges, English, Arizona State University
Toshiyuki Takamiya, English, Keio University, Tokyo
Richard Utz, English, Western Michigan University