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Acknowledgements Financial sponsorship from the Kilimanjaro Native Cooperative Union Ltd covered tuition and fees for my studies at the University of Dar es Salaam for my Master of Arts degree in Sociology. A United States government scholarship paid for my studies at the University of Wisconsin–Madison to pursue my Doctor of Philosophy degree in Sociology and Rural Sociology with a minor in Agricultural Economics, in which I specialized in the study of cooperatives. These opportunities laid the foundation for my endeavor to do more research and write about cooperation and the cooperative movement. During the preparation of the manuscript I incurred both intellectual and personal debts. I am grateful to all authors whose work has been referenced in this book. The scale of my indebtedness to earlier writers is judged by the frequency with which I refer to their works. OverthepastsevenyearsIhaveexchangedviewsonRuralCooperation and Rural Development at seminars in the Department of Sociology and Anthropology at the University of Dar es Salaam. Seminars were a source of stimulation in my work. I am indebted at least as much to my colleagues at the University for the ideas they contributed, and which I acknowledge with gratitude. I appreciate the support and encouragement of Julitha Lyimo and Tumainiel Lyimo, who always helped me to get over the hurdles of researching and writing this book. I couldn’t have done it without them. Finally I thank Ms Dorothy Mariki, who typed the work several times. ...

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