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Chapter 17 The Multiple Frontiers of Globalisation: The Case of Politico-Diplomatic Globalisation
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359 Chapter 17 The Multiple Frontiers of Globalisation: The Case of Politico-Diplomatic Globalisation By Anderson T. Enokenwa Abstract The international system emerging after the disintegration of the bipolar cold war is more open, more interdependent and definitely less Eurocentric, Multi-culturalism, multiple-identities and antifoundationalism have become fashionable themes, not only in academic discourse, but in international politics. Contrary to popular thinking, globalisation is not only an economic phenomenon concerned with economic growth, but it is a multi-dimensional process encompassing political, diplomatic, social, cultural, scientific and technological development. In this study, an attempt is made to examine how politics and diplomacy have contributed to global interconnectedness. This chapter argues that constructive interdependence in all domains within the international system is needed not only to better share the benefits of prosperity, but also to achieve mutual understanding of the challenges of globalisation, respect and tolerance. Key Words: Globalisation, Frontiers, Politics, Democracy, Good Governance, Human Rights, Diplomacy, Foreign Policy. Résumé Le système international naissant après la désintégration de la guerre froide bipolaire est plus ouvert, plus interdépendant et définitivement, moins euro centrique. Le multiculturalisme, les multiples identités et 360 l’anti fondamentalisme sont devenus des thèmes à la mode, non seulement dans tes discours académiques, mais aussi dans la politique internationale. Contrairement à la pensée populaire, la mondialisation n’est pas seulement un phénomène économique en rapport avec le développement économique, mais elle est également un processus multidimensionnel englobant le développement politique, diplomatique, social, cultural, scientifique et technologique. Dans cette étude, nous essayons d’examine comment politique et diplomatique ont contribué à l’interdépendance constructive dans tous les domaines à l’intérieur du système international est nécessaire non seulement pour mieux distribuer les bénéfices de la prospérité, mais aussi pour atteindre une compréhension mutuelle des défis de la mondialisation que sont Le respect et la tolérance. Mots clés: Mondialisation, Frontières, Politique, Démocratie, Bonne gouvernance, Droits de l’homme, Diplomatie, politique étrangère. Introduction The world at the start of the 21st century is much more interconnected than it was in the 20th century. Messages and information can be sent to any part of the world at a small cost. Similarly people can move very quickly and comparatively inexpensively. Therefore, travel for both business, family reunion and tourism, have dramatically escalated. Further, goods can be transported more cheaply due to the improved techniques of transport and also due to the lowering of the weight and bulk of commodities, so the value-weight ratio has increased markedly in many areas. Perhaps, the most spectacular aspect of this interconnectedness is the ease with which information can flow. Reference here is made of the television, telephone, writing of e-mail and the overall internet connections. It should be noted that this interconnection was masterminded by the paradigm of liberalism which was challenged by communism, fascism, nationalism, socialism and totalitarian dictatorship. The notion of globalisation has been hotly debated, not least the definitions advanced by different authors as exemplified in a variety of [3.237.51.235] Project MUSE (2024-03-28 09:10 GMT) 361 scholarly works. Therefore, this concept has inspired numerous competing definitions and interpretations. According to Martin Shaw, globalisation is a complex set of distinct but related processes such as economic, political, diplomatic, social, cultural, military and technological aspects through which social relations have come to be understood in a common world framework675 . This implies that globalisation involves the development of transnational relations of many kinds as well as specifically global forms. Immanuel Wallerstein describes it as a process whereby regional economies, societies and cultures have become integrated through a globe-spanning network of communication and trade.676 It is usually recognized as being driven by a combination of economic, technological, political, socio-cultural and also military factors. Meanwhile, Michael Mann has defined globalisation as a term referring to the transnational circulation of ideas, languages or popular culture through acculturation.677 Saskia Sassen who tends to be more encompassing, holds that a good part of globalisation consist of an enormous variety of microprocesses that begin to denationalise what has been constructed as national-whether policies, capital, political, subjectivity, diplomatic urban spaces, temporal frames, or any other of a variety of dynamics and domains.678 As for Anthony Giddens, this process is defined as the diminution or elimination of state enforced restrictions on exchanges across borders and the...