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Appendix 1: Transcription conventions
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Appendix 1: Transcription conventions There are many transliteration systems from Arabic into the Latin script. I have adopted a simplified version of the system in Ryding (2005). I use a transcription which more closely approximates the Arabic writing conventions than a close phonetic transcription since I am mostly working with written text, and do not want to impose my own oral interpretation of it. However, some texts were clearly and purposefully written in Sudanese Colloquial dialect. In this case, I try to approximate the oral expression by using the symbol which better represents the dialect, e.g. /g/ or /z/, below. I do not include dipthong transliterations. Common Arabic words and place names that appear in English texts, e.g. Qur’an, Sudan, will remain according to common English spelling convention rather than a more accurate transcription, e.g. qur’aan or suudaan, in this case, which remain in italics. All mistakes and inaccuracies are my own. APPENDIX I 177 Consonants Latinized Arabic International Phonetic Alphabet1 (IPA) Arabic Alphabet ’ ˯ b b Ώ t t Ε th ș Ι j Ν H ƫ Ρ kh2 x Υ d d Ω dh ð Ϋ r r έ z z ί s s α sh ε S s ι D d ν T T ρ DH (/Z/ in SCA3 ) ð or z υ ‘ ω gh ύ f f ϑ q (/g/ or /gh/ in SCA) q or g or ϕ k k ϙ l l ϝ m m ϡ n n ϥ h h ϩ w w ϭ y j ϱ Vowels Latinized Alphabet International Phonetic Alphabet Arabic Alphabet Long Short Long Short Long Short aa a aa a Not written ii (/ee/ SCA) i ij i ϱ Not written uu (/oo/ SCA) u uw u ϭ Not written 1 The International Phonetic Alphabet is a universally agreed upon system of notation for sounds, widely used by linguists. (1999). Handbook of the International Phonetic Association. Cambridge, Cambridge University Press. 2 In Ryding (2005); this sound is represented as /x/. 3 Sudanese Colloquial Arabic. See Chapter 3 for explanation. ...