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A Note about Romanization In rendering Chinese in this text I have used the pinyin system. All Chinese names, titles, and terms in the document itself have been rendered in pinyin, but in the bibliographic references and in quotations from English language sources I have retained the original romanization system, with the pinyin equivalent in parentheses, where appropriate. In rendering Japanese I have used the standard Hepburn system and have indicated long vowel sounds by means of a macron. ...

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