Notes
Introduction 1 Most influentially in Edward Said’s Orientalism (New York: Vintage, 1979), and Mary Louise Pratt, Imperial Eyes: Travel Writing and Transculturation (London: Routledge, 1992). 2 The term is a coinage from the Second World War as a field command, which became further established after the Vietnam War. The Chinese/Japanese term for the area is Nanyang, the South Seas. See Susan Morgan, Place Matters: Gendered Geography in Victorian Women’s Travel Books about Southeast Asia (New Jersey: Rutgers University Press, 1997), 4. 3 See Colin Thubron, The Shadow of the Silk Road (London: Chatto & Windus, 2006). 4 See An East Asia Renaissance: Ideas for Economic Growth (World Bank, 2006). 5 Influential examples of this now extensive body of academic work include: Janet L. Abu-Lughod, Before European Hegemony The World System AD 1250–1350 (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1989); K. N. Chauduri, Asia Before Europe: Economy and Civilisation of the Indian Ocean from the Rise of Islam to 1750 (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990); Andre G. Frank, ReOrient: Global Economy in the Asian Age (Berkeley: California University Press, 1998); Geoffrey C. Gunn, First Globalisation: The Eurasian Exchange 1500–1800 (Lanham: Rowman & Littlefield, 2003); John M. Hobson, The Eastern Origins of Western Civilisation (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004); Dirk Hoerder, Cultures in Contact: World Migrations in the Second Millennium (Durham NC: Duke University Press, 2002); and Kenneth Pomeranz, The Great Divergence: China, Europe and the Making of the Modern World Economy (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2000). 6 On luxury commodities, see Anne Bermingham and John Brewer (eds), The Consumption of Culture (London: Routledge, 1995) and Maxine Berg, Consumers and Luxury (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1999). 7 See Susan Whitfield, Marco Polo and the Encounter of East and West (Toronto: Toronto University Press, 2003). 8 Said, Culture and Imperialism (London: Chatto & Windus, 1993), 22. 9 The title of Eliza Ruhamah Scidmore’s China:The Long-Lived Empire (New York: The Century Co., 1900). 10 On early relations between Japan and China, and also their complex triangulations Notes with Korea, see W. G. Beasley, Japan Encounters the Barbarian: Japanese Travellers in America and Europe (New Haven and London: Yale University Press, 1995), 1–16. 11 For the impact of Chinese colonisation on Tibet, see Robert Barnett, Lhasa: Streets with Memories (New York: Columbia University Press, 2006). On the recent Chinese presence in Central Asia, see Thubron, The Shadow of the Silk Road, especially ‘Kashgar’, 138–50. 12 On naming in Cook, see Paul Carter, The Road to Botany Bay: an Essay in Spatial History (London: Faber, 1987). 13 See Madeleine Yue Dong, Republican Beijing: The City and its Histories (Berkeley: California University Press, 2006). 14 On early tribute missions, see Edwin O. Reischauer, Ennin’s Diary: The Record of a Pilgrimage to China in Search of the Law (New York: Ronald Press, 1955). Beasley stresses the priority given to weaponry (particularly naval), industrial technology, and business expertise, and the variable reception which returnees received (178–99) but pays comparatively little attention to the generic form of the memoir or diplomatic report. 15 James Clifford, Routes: Travel and Translation in the Late Twentieth Century (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1997), 39. 16 See Stephen Greenblatt, Marvelous Possessions: The Wonder of the New World (Chicago: Chicago University Press, 1991). 17 See Akinori Kato, ‘Package Tours, Pilgrimages and Pleasure Trips’, in Atsushi Ueda (ed.), The Electric Geisha: Exploring Japan’s Popular Culture (Tokyo: Kodansha 1994), 51–9; and John Clammer, ‘Sites and Sights: The Consuming Eye and the Arts of the Imagination in Japanese Tourism’ in Contemporary Urban Japan: A Sociology of Consumption (Oxford: Blackwell, 1997), 135–51. 18 Pratt, ‘Scratches on the Face of the Landscape, or What Mr Barrow Saw in the Land of the Bushmen’, Critical Inquiry, 12 (1985), 119–43. 19 Paul Fussell, Abroad: British Literary Travelling between the Wars (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1980). 20 Clifford, ‘Spatial Practices’, in Routes, 52–91. Chapter 1 1 Its popularity is evident in the number of reprints, its significance in the history of Japanese literature, the huge number of books connected to it (e.g. impressions and photography from people who travelled the same route), and last, by the many translations. 2 For other dimensions of the Oku no hosomichi, in particular as a masterpiece of haikai prose (haibun), see Haruo Shirane, Traces of Dreams. Landscape, Cultural Memory, and the Poetry of Bashō (Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1998), 212–53. 230 Notes to pages 3–15 [3.137.192.3] Project MUSE (2024...
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