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A Taxonomic, Distributional and Bibliographic Checklist of Hong Kong Marine Bivalve Molluscs and Research Published on Them from 1971-2000
- Hong Kong University Press, HKU
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Perspectives on Marine Environment Change in Hong Kong and Southern China, 1977-2001 (ed . B. Morton). Proceedings o f a n Internationa l Worksho p Reunio n Conference, Hon g Kong 21T26 October 2001. Hong Kong: Hong Kon g University Press , 2003. A TAXONOMIC, DISTRIBUTIONAL AN D BIBLIOGRAPHIC CHECKLIS T O F HONG KONG MARIN E BIVALVE MOLLUSCS AND RESEARCH PUBLISHE D ON THEM FROM 1971-200 0 Paul Valentich-Scot t Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History , 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, California 93105 , USA ABSTRACT The Hong Kon g Bivalvia have been studie d extensively durin g the last 3 0 years. This inventory provide s a summary o f 16 7 publications tha t include Hon g Kon g bivalves , either as primary objects of the research or as ancillary objects of broader studies. Two hundred an d seventy-eigh t specie s ar e incorporated i n th e list wit h detail s o f localit y and habitats where available. Also included is a summary of bivalve literature as it relates to biology, ecology, physiology, biomonitoring, biofouling, an d introduced species . INTRODUCTION The Hon g Kon g Bivalvi a ar e perhaps th e best studie d invertebrat e grou p i n Asia . I n the pas t thre e decade s publication s o n thes e mollusc s hav e include d comprehensiv e works on their biology, ecology, physiology, taxonomy, zoogeography and parasitology. Many papers have been published in the proceedings of workshops on the malacofaun a and marine flora an d fauna o f Hong Kong. Two major works, Tsi and Ma (1982) and Bernard et al. (1993), included significan t taxonomic list s o f th e Hon g Kon g Bivalvia . I n both cases , locality description s wer e general, and neither included references to the biological literature on individual species. Bernard et al. (1993) included a synonymy for most species in the region. Broad scal e survey s of the Hong Kong bivalves began wit h the first malacofaun a workshop in 197 7 (Horikoshi an d Thompson 1980 ) and have continued i n subsequen t ones (Jian g an d Zho u 1982; Li an d Ga o 1985 ; Shin 1985 , 1989 , 1990 ; Britton 1990 ; Liu 1992 ; Mackie and Oliver 1993 ; Scott 1994; Leung and Morton 1997 , 2000; Morton and Harpe r 1997) . Additional survey s hav e been conducte d outsid e o f th e worksho p format i n specific region s (On g Che and Morton 1991 , 1992, 1993 , 1994; Morton an d Dudgeon 1991 ; Morton et al. 1991) . 260 P. VALENTICH-SCOTT Globally, bivalves have been used as living bio-monitors for overall environmental heath in aquatic habitats. In Hong Kong , many studie s have used bivalves t o quantif y chemical and biological contaminants in the food chain (Ko et al. 191 A,1975a , b; Lueng et al. 1975 ; Morton an d Shortridg e 1976 ; Kueh 1987 ; Chan 1988 ; Chan et al. 1990 ; Phillips 1990 ; Rainbow 1993 ; Wang et al. 1993; Liu 1993 ; Chau et al. 1999). The entire offshore mollusca n faun a ha s bee n studie d t o ascertai n th e effect s o f dredgin g o f sediments on the stability of invertebrate populations (Leun g and Morton 1997 , 2000). While bivalves are excellent bio-monitors, they also are considered a pest in some aquatic facilities. They have been documented as biofoulers o n buoys, pier pilings, mariculture facilities, in plastic pipe, and in water supply lines (Morton 1971 , 1979b, 1991a; Huang 1993; Huang etal. 1993 , 1999). Many bivalve species have broad tolerances of changing environmental conditions. Their adaptabilit y ha s mad e the m a prime choic e fo r physiologica l experiment s an d research (Da y 1980 ; Fang 1982 ; Britton 1985 ; Depledge 1985a , b; Morton an d Cha n 1990; Cheun g 1991a , b ; Liu an d Morto n 1994 ; Cheun g et al 1999 ; Nicholson an d Morton 2000). Predator-prey relationships have received extensive attention in Hong Kong waters, with bivalves being a leading prey item (Harper 1994 ; Harper and Morton 1997 ; Morton 1994; Seed 1990 ; Taylor 1990 ; Taylor an d Morton 1996 ; Tong 1986) . As a major shippin g port , man y non-nativ e bivalve specie s hav e been introduce d into th e Hon g Kon g environmen t fro m th e discharg...