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13 LAND-USE CONTROL IN THE PERI-URBAN AREAS OFJAPAN Haruhiro Doi Depαrtment ofGeography, Hiroshimα Universi紗" t!4αpαn Built-up areas in Japan are expanding rapidly into the surrounding rural areas. Accordingto the White Paper on National Land Use, the rate ofincrease of the built-up area was about three per cent per year between 1972 and 1983 (National Land Agency, 1985). This rate was about three times that ofJapan's population increase during the same period. The government ofJ apan allows a certain rate of expansion of built-up areas in order to provide housing. This land-use target was set in the 1978 National Land-use Plan (National Land Agency, 1983) (Fi訊ue 13.1). However, actual built-up areas are expanding 可 --4Ill--ilm . . . ' , ' , ' , . . ' , . . Fore.t 3000 唱毛之-----------------------­ .. ..----..- ' - A,ricu 1ture -..6000 5000 - . . . . - . . . . . - . . 2000 1000 thousands of hectar, '72 '80 '85 '95 _ AclulI l Land Use Chan,e -___ Tar,ets (1 985 , 1995) Sources: White Paper of National Land Use (1983, 1985) Flgure 13.1 Land-use change in Japan. 13 LAND·USE CONTROL IN THE PERI·URBAN AREAS OF JAPAN Haruhiro Doi Department ofGeography, Hiroshima University, Japan Built-up areas in Japan are expanding rapidly into the surrounding rural areas. According to the White Paper on National Land Use, the rate ofincrease of the built-up area was about three per cent per year between 1972 and 1983 (National Land Agency, 1985). This rate was about three times that ofJapan's population increase during the same period. The government ofJapan allows a certain rate of expansion of built-up areas in order to provide housing. This land-use target was set in the 1978 National Land-use Plan (National Land Agency, 1983) (Figure 13.1). However, actual built-up areas are expanding 2 2':0000001_ .......-_-_-.-_-.-___ .-.-.-- Fore:t •• _ ••• OJ • • - - 6000 -e.::.::..:.:-----.--_.----..----_._ - - - - - - - " ' " - Agriculture-" - .. 5000 3000 2000 1000 ---------~Other Land- .. --.-. Built-up areas __ -----_ ~~-:-:.:"":-:-;-;o-• - • - • ---~-- .-- .-1-_.---------.-- •••• --' Roads '72 '80 '85 '95 Actual Land Use Change Terret. (1985, 1995) Sources: White Paper of National Land Use (1983, 1985) Figure 13.1 Land-use change in Japan. 142 HARUHffiODOI more rapidly, so that their area exceeded the target in 1983. Moreover, about 70 per cent of newly built-up areas are located on agriculturalland (National Land Agency, 1985). For example, it was 70.4 per cent in 1983. It is said that these land-use changes are characterized by sporadic penetration of urban development into farmland. In order to supply housing for urban residents and at the same time to minimize the loss and deterioration ofagricu1turalland,the uses ofperi-urban areas in Japan are controlled by several Acts. Each one specifies areas in which certain regulations are adopted, such as an Agricultural Promotion Zone and a City Planning Area which is divided into an Urbanization Promotion Zone and an Urbanization Control Zone. However, it is claimed that these zoning acts have not achieved the expected results. In order to understand why built-up areas are expanding rapidly,we have to examine the real conditions of land use affected by zoning. There are few attempts to investigate actualland uses in the zones, and to appreciate the effect ofzoning in actual cases. In this paper,land uses are considered in three sample cases and differences between the Urbanization Promotion Zone and the Urbanization Control Zone are examined. The peri-urban area consists of two types of zone in respect of land-use control (Figure 13.2). First is the peripheral zone ofthe Urbanization Promotion ,-- . . 1. ,..• .，~. : tχ //-/7，/ 7V ﹒/汁、 .1: : :~//././././V/ /.J .\ I 1. ';""“-LL. 后/./.I~-' , 帕 iiuurιI立iJ22eA之 73...1 1APicultuaIPromotion Zone (AIBZ)1 ... ... 、__ __ ____-- ____.-Þ Flgure 13.2 Land-use zoning in the peri-urban areas of Japan. 142 HARUHffiODOI more rapidly, so that their area exceeded the target in 1983. Moreover, about 70 per cent of newly built-up areas are located on agricultural land (National Land Agency, 1985). For example, it was 70.4 per cent in 1983. It is said that these land-use changes are characterized by sporadic penetration of urban development into farmland. In order to supply housing for urban residents and at the same time to minimize the loss and deterioration ofagricultural land, the uses ofperi-urban areas in Japan are controlled by several Acts. Each one specifies areas in which certain regulations are adopted, such as an Agricultural Promotion Zone and a City Planning Area which is divided into an...

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