The Huaqiao Warriors

Contents

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pp. v-vii

List of Tables

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pp. viii-

Foreword

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pp. ix-xii

Over the course of time, Filipinos have tended to stereotype and denigrate the Chinese in their midst, depicting them not just as grasping and disloyal, but as essentially cowardly: "they don't care who owns the cow as long as they get to milk it." In writing Philippine history, the Chinese immigrants and their descendants¹ ...

Preface

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pp. xiii-xiv

To trace the development of a guerrilla resistance movement, scarcity of source materials is the primary problem involved, as it was highly difficult if not impossible for any irregular resistance force to keep complete records of its members and activities. Moreover, for primary materials written after the ...

Acknowledgements

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pp. xv-xvii

Never had I realized how a scholar was indebted to so many people and organizations until I started this research. My deepest gratitude goes to Dr. Norman G. Owen of the University of Hong Kong, who dealt with all the questions that arose during the course of the research with keen insight and enduring ...

1. The Chinese Community in the Philippines at the Outbreak of the Pacific War

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pp. 1-36

The Second World War was extended to the Pacific region with the Japanese assault on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii on December 8, 1941 (December 7 east of the International Date Line), which caused heavy losses to the American naval force in the Pacific. With the road cleared, the Japanese proceeded to ...

2. Foundations of the Resistance Movement — The Prewar Organizations and Leadership of the Philippine Chinese Community

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pp. 37-74

It was hardly possible for any significant resistance force to emerge from a totally disintegrated society. But if the prewar social organizations and mobilization of the population formed the very foundation of a resistance movement, it was the community leadership which determined its form, nature and strength ...

3. The Leftist Chinese Guerrilla Forces

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pp. 75-114

To trace the development of a guerrilla resistance movement, the first problem encountered by historians is the scarcity of source materials. For a small irregular force fighting in adverse circumstances, it was highly dangerous if not impossible to keep a complete roster of the team or a detailed record of its activities ...

4. The Rightist Chinese Guerrilla Forces

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pp. 115-152

Unlike the Chinese leftists, the Chinese resistance forces on the rightist side were characterized by diversity and disunity. Four main guerrilla forces — the Chinese Overseas Wartime Hsuehkan Militia (COWHM), the Pekek Squadron (Squadron 399), the Philippine Chinese Youth Wartime Special Services ...

5. The Impact of the Resistance Movement on the Philippine Chinese Community

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pp. 153-188

The process of historiographic interpretation of the Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia started with the publication of Willard Elsbree's work in 1953 on Japan's role in nationalist movements.¹ For more than two decades historians had largely reached the consensus that the Japanese occupation constituted ...

Appendix

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pp. 189-191

Abbreviations

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pp. 193-195

Glossary

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pp. 197-206

Bibliography

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pp. 207-218

Index

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pp. 219-224