An East India Company Cemetery

Cover

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Title Page, Copyright, Dedication

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Content

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pp. vii-viii

List of Illustrations

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pp. ix-

Acknowledgements

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pp. x-

Reproduction of The Praya Grande, Macao (about 1855) on page xii and The Canton Factories (early XIX century) on page 15, both by unknown Chinese artists, and of Dent's House and Garden in Hong Kong by Robert Fortune on page 51 is by courtesy of Martyn Gregory Gallery, London. ...

Foreword

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pp. xi-xviii

It is now over 40 years since we were first introduced, independently so it happened, to a quiet corner of the Portuguese oriental city of Macao , where over 160 Protestant memorials of the last century stand screened by high walls from the gaze of all but specially interested or reverent eyes. In retrospect, we now realize ..

SECTION I; 1. Macao and the Setting

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pp. 1-6

When Portugal's China Sea lane was established for trading in the 16th century, it terminated at Macao on the China coast to the east of the great Eurasian land mass, at the mouth of the Pearl River delta 110 kilometres downriver from Canton. ...

2. The Company and the China Trade

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pp. 7-19

On the last day of December 1599, Queen Elizabeth I granted the Royal Charter that conferred on 'the Governor and Company of Merchants of London, trading to the East Indies' a monopoly of the English trade to the East for the next 15 years. Much the same provisions governed this trade until the Company's dissolution ...

3. Trade after the Company

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pp. 20-27

During the time of its operations, the select Committee developed into the instrument of discipline for all British traders and the only effective channel of communication with the Canton authorities. British merchants, chafing under Company rules, had been successful lobbying for the abolition of its monopoly, ...

4. At Sea

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pp. 28-36

The most romantic of all spectacles was a tea clipper under full sail. When under the command of Captain Shamgar Slate (13) in 1857, the celebrated clipper Wizard was hailed enthusiastically as of the most noble 'appearance, 'alow and aloft'. An extreme clipper of 1,600 tons, she had been built at a cost of $95 ,000 ...

5. Ashore - The Context

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pp. 37-42

Macao was the haven not only for the British, but for all the other foreigners who had to make their exodus from Canton at the end of each trading season: the members of the Danish, Dutch, French, and Swedish East India Companies, and for the independent American, Baltic States, Indian, Parsee and Spanish merchants. ...

6. Life Ashore

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pp. 43-57

The profits of private trade could be large, and the wealth of successful merchants supported a lifestyle of great ease. Most diarists have passed some comment on the opulence of life. Harriet Low frequently mentions a cohort of butlers and maids and other servants charged with making life easier. Up to 20 servants was ...

7. Death

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pp. 58-70

Among the many reviews of the company's charters between its founding in 1600 and its dissolution in 1874, the review of 1813 was of particular significance to events in Macao. Apart from renewing the charter, the review extended the sovereignty of the British crown to include the Company's East Indian territories, ...

Section 2; 8. The Memeorials

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pp. 71-76

Our work on each memorial was in three phases. The inscription was deciphered and inked in with Chinese brush, its stones were measured, and photographs were taken. Information for the biographical entries of the persons buried in the Old Cemetery and about their families and related companies, societies, ...

9. The Entries

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pp. 77-264

Each memorial has an entry in the next pages, consisting of its official list number and the full name, nationality, date of death, and age at death of the person commemorated (where known). Entries for 1 to 166 and 178 also provide either a photograph or transcript of the inscription, other notes about the person and ...

10. The Stones in the Wall

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pp. 265-272

Twenty-three memorials are set into the wall dividing the upper terrace from the lower. All but one bear dates in the late 18th century and before the East India Company had acquired the graveyard for burials and had ceased burying Company associates in the garden next door. Those here, numbered from ...

Chronology

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pp. 273-275

Sources

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pp. 276-282

List of Names

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pp. 283-285

Index

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pp. 286-304