Chinese Fiction of the Cultural Revolution

Notes

Notes INTRODUCTION 1. See Lowell Dittmer, China's Continuous Revolution: The Post,Liberation Epoch 1949-1981 (Berkeley, 1987), pp. 77-8. 2. On the role played by Jiang Qing in deciding the literature and art of the Cultural Revolution, cf. Merle Goldman, China's Intellectuals: Advise and Dissent (Cambridge, Mass., 1981), Chapter 5, 'The Cultural Revolution', pp. 117-55. 3. See Hua,yuan Li Mowry, Yang,pan Hsi: New Theater in China (Berkeley, 1973), p. iii. 4. See 'Summary of the Forum on the Work in Literature and Art in the Armed Forces with which Comrade Lin Biao Entrusted Comrade Jiang Qing' ['Lin Biao Tongzhi weituo Jiang Qing Tongzhi zhaokai de budui wenyi gongzuo zuotanhui jiyao'], Chinese Literature, No.9 (1967), pp. 32-3; and Hongqi [Red Flag], No.9 (1967), p. 17. 5. Among studies on Chinese literature and art of the Cultural Revolution (official and unofficial) are D. W. Fokkema's 'Chinese Literature Under the Cultural Revolution', Literature East and West, 13 (1969), pp. 335-58, Hua, yuan Li Mowry's Yang,pan Hsi: New Theater in China (Berkeley, 1973), Bonnie S. McDougall's 'Poems, Poets, and Poetry 1976: An Exercise in the Typology of Modern Chinese Literature', Contemporary China, Vol. 2, No. 4 (Winter 1978), pp. 76-124, D. E. Pollard's 'The Short Story in the Cultural Revolution', The China Quarterly, No. 73 (1978), pp. 99-121, Leo Ou,fan 250 • Notes Lee's 'Dissent Literature from the Cultural Revolution', Chinese Literature: Essays, Articles, Reviews, 1 (1979), pp. 59-80, Paul Clark's 'Film~making in China: From the Cultural Revolution to 1981', The China Quarterly, No. 94 (1983), pp. 304-22, Perry Link's 'Hand~copied Entertainment Fiction from the Cultural Revolution', in Perry Link et al. (eds.), Unofficial China: Popular Culture and Thought in the People's Republic (Boulder, 1989), pp. 17-36, and Liu Dawen's "'Dixia xiaoshuo" de cangsang' ['Vicissitudes of "Underground Chinese Fiction"'], in Liu Dawen, Zhongguo wenxue xinchao [The New Trends of Chinese Literature] (Hong Kong, 1988), pp. 179-85. 6. Cf. Leo Ou~fan Lee, 'The Politics of Technique: Perspectives of Literary Dissidence in Contemporary Chinese Fiction', in Jeffrey C. Kinkley (ed.), After Mao: Chinese Literature and Society 1978-1981, p. 162. 7. See J. H. Miller, 'The Function of Rhetorical Study at the Present Time', ADE (Association of Departments of English) Bulletin, No. 62, pp. 10-8; also quoted in Barbara Couture (ed.), Functional Approaches to Writing: Research Perspectives (London, 1986), p. 3. 8. The statistics are based on the following materials: Meishi Tsai's Contemporary Chinese Novels and Short Stories, 1949-1974: An Annotated Bibliography (Cambridge, Mass., 1979), Kam Louie's and Louise Edwards's Bibliography of English Translations and Critiques of Contemporary Chinese Fiction 1945-1992 (Taipei, 1993), Hans J. Hinrup's An Index to 'Chinese Literature' 1951-1976 (London, 1978), BeijingTushuguanZhongwen Tongyi Bianmu Zu [the Cataloguing Group of Chinese Books of Beijing Library]'s 1974-1978 Zhongwen tushu yinshua kapian leiji lianhe mulu [A]oint Catalogue of Chinese Books between 1974 and 1978] (Beijing, 1979), and the library catalogues of Beijing University, Beijing Normal University, Fudan University, Wuhan University, and Huazhong Normal University. 9. See Ershi Er Yuanxiao Bianxiezu [The Writing Group of Twenty~Two Universities]' Zhongguo dangdai wenxue shi [A History ofContemporary Chinese Literature] (Fuzhou, 1985), Vol. 3, pp. 357-8. 10. See Guo Zhigang et al., Zhongguo dangdai wenxue shi chugao [A First Draft of the History ofContemporary Chinese Literature] (Beijing, 1993), Vol. 2, p. 873. 11. See Jeffrey C. Kinkley, 'Chinese Crime Fiction and Its Formulas at the Tum of the 1980s', in Kinkley (ed.), After Mao: Chinese Literature and Society 1978-1981 (Cambridge, 1985), pp. 89-90. 12. According to Rudolf G. Wagner, science fiction had certain development in China in the pre~CR period although it was mainly intended to serve science popularization and did not develop well. But this genre disappeared during the Cultural Revolution. See Rudolf G. Wagner, 'Lobby Literature: The Archeology and Present Functions of Science Fiction in China', in Jeffrey C. Kinkley (ed.), After Mao: Chinese Literature and Society 1978-1981, pp. 17-62. 13. Mao called upon the whole country to learn from the army in December Notes • 251 1963. On the background and development of the campaign of learning from the PLA, see Byung,joon Ahn, Chinese Politics and the Revolution: Dynamics of Policy Progresses (Seattle, 1976), Chapter 6, 'The Army's...