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Note on transliteration The officia l system o f romanizatio n fo r Chines e character s i n th e People' s Republic o f Chin a i s hanyu pinyin, whic h produce s transliteration s suc h a s Beijing for th e capita l city , Yan 'an for th e communis t bas e establishe d a t th e end o f th e Lon g Marc h an d Mao Zedong {or the nam e o f th e nation' s leade r after th e revolution o f 1949. This system was not uniformly adopted in English language textbooks until Series Eight, published in 1993 . In earlier textbooks , other system s of romanizatio n wer e used , givin g forms suc h a s Peking, Yenan and Mao Tse-tung. I n thi s book, hanyu pinyin i s used, excep t fo r author s wh o used anothe r styling , fo r institution s tha t hav e maintaine d long-establishe d English versions of their nam e (suc h a s Peking University), for reference s t o names in a textbook an d i n direc t quotations . ...

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