Sun Yat-Sen, Nanyang and the 1911 Revolution

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The฀Institute฀of฀Southeast฀Asian฀Studies฀(ISEAS)฀was฀established฀as฀an฀autonomous฀ organization฀in฀1968.฀It฀is฀a฀regional฀centre฀dedicated฀to฀the฀study฀of฀socio-political,฀ security฀and฀economic฀trends฀and฀developments฀in฀Southeast฀Asia฀and฀its฀wider฀ geostrategic฀and฀economic฀environment.฀The฀Institute’s฀research฀programmes฀are฀the฀ Regional฀Economic฀Studies฀(RES,฀including฀ASEAN฀and฀APEC),฀Regional฀Strategic฀ and฀Political฀Studies฀(RSPS),฀and฀Regional฀Social฀and฀Cultural฀Studies฀(RSCS). ฀ ISEAS฀Publishing,฀an฀established฀academic฀press,฀has฀issued฀almost฀2,000฀books฀ and฀journals.฀It฀is฀the฀largest฀scholarly฀publisher฀of฀research฀about฀Southeast฀Asia฀from฀ within฀the฀region.฀ISEAS฀Publishing฀works฀with฀many฀other฀academic฀and฀trade฀ publishers฀and฀distributors฀to฀disseminate฀important฀research฀and฀analyses฀from฀and฀ about฀Southeast฀Asia฀to฀the฀rest฀of฀the฀world. The฀Chinese฀Heritage฀Centre฀was฀established฀in฀May฀1995฀to฀promote฀knowledge฀and฀ understanding฀of฀people฀of฀Chinese฀descent฀outside฀China฀and฀their฀heritage฀through฀ research,฀publications,฀conferences฀and฀exhibitions.฀It฀also฀houses฀the฀Wang฀Gungwu฀ Library฀which฀has฀a฀specialized฀focus฀on฀the฀Chinese฀overseas฀and฀their฀heritage.฀As฀the฀ first฀organization฀to฀specialize฀in฀the฀study฀of฀Chinese฀communities฀outside฀China,฀it฀is฀ most฀appropriate฀that฀the฀Centre฀be฀housed฀in฀the฀former฀Nanyang฀University’s฀historic฀ Administration฀Block,฀which฀itself฀is฀a฀relic฀of฀the฀landmark฀establishment฀of฀the฀first฀ and฀only฀Chinese-medium฀university฀outside฀China฀founded฀by฀the฀ethnic฀Chinese. 00฀SunYatSenprelims.indd฀฀฀2 9/20/11฀฀฀10:37:59฀AM First฀published฀in฀Singapore฀in฀2011฀by ISEAS฀Publications Institute฀of฀Southeast฀Asian฀Studies 30฀Heng฀Mui฀Keng฀Terrace,฀Pasir฀Panjang Singapore฀119614 E-mail:฀publish@iseas.edu.sg฀ ฀ •฀ Website:฀bookshop.iseas.edu.sg All฀rights฀reserved.฀No฀part฀of฀this฀publication฀may฀be฀reproduced,฀stored฀in฀a฀retrieval฀ system,฀or฀transmitted฀in฀any฀form฀or฀by฀any฀means,฀electronic,฀mechanical,฀photocopying,฀ recording฀or฀otherwise,฀without฀the฀prior฀permission฀of฀the฀Institute฀of฀Southeast฀Asian฀ Studies.©฀2011฀Institute฀of฀Southeast฀Asian฀Studies,฀Singapore The฀responsibility฀for฀facts฀and฀opinions฀in฀this฀publication฀rests฀exclusively฀with฀the฀authors฀ and฀their฀interpretations฀do฀not฀necessarily฀reflect฀the฀views฀or฀the฀policy฀of฀the฀publishers฀or฀ their฀supporters. ISEAS฀Library฀Cataloguing-in-Publication฀Data Sun฀Yat-sen,฀Nanyang฀and฀the฀1911฀revolution฀/฀edited฀by฀Lee฀Tai฀To฀and฀Lee฀Hock฀Guan. ฀ A฀collection฀of฀papers฀originally฀presented฀to฀an฀International฀Conference฀on฀Sun฀Yat-sen, ฀ Nanyang฀and฀the฀1911฀Chinese฀Revolution,฀organized฀by฀Institute฀of฀Southeast฀Asian฀ ฀ Studies,฀Singapore,฀25–26฀October฀2010. ฀ 1.฀ Sun฀Yat-sen,฀1866–1925. ฀ 2.฀ Sun฀Yat-sen,฀1866–1925—Political฀and฀social฀views. ฀ 3.฀ China—History—Revolution,฀1911–1912. ฀ 4.฀ China—Politics฀and฀government—1912–1937. ฀ 5.฀ Chinese—Southeast฀Asia—Politics฀and฀government. ฀ I.฀ Lee,฀Lai฀To. ฀ II.฀ Lee,฀Hock฀Guan. ฀ III.฀Institute฀of฀Southeast฀Asian฀Studies. ฀ IV.฀ International฀Conference฀on฀Sun฀Yat-sen฀Nanyang฀and฀the฀1911฀Chinese฀Revolution฀ ฀ (2010:฀Singapore)฀ DS777฀S95฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ ฀ 2011 ISBN฀9978-981-4345-45-3฀(soft฀cover) ISBN฀9978-981-4345-46-0฀(hard฀cover) ISBN฀9978-981-4345-47-7฀(E-book฀PDF) Cover฀sketch:฀Reproduced฀with฀kind฀permission฀from฀the฀Sun฀Yat฀Sen฀Memorial฀Hall Typeset฀by฀International฀Typesetters฀Pte฀Ltd Printed฀in฀Singapore฀by฀Mainland฀Press฀Pte฀Ltd 00฀SunYatSenprelims.indd฀฀฀4 9/20/11฀฀฀10:37:59฀AM ...