Varieties of Religious Authority: Changes and Challenges in 20th Century Indonesian Islam

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Institute of Southeast Asian Studies Singapore EDITED BY AzyumArdi AzrA, Kees vAn dijK, AND nico j.G. KAptein International Institute for Asian Studies The Netherlands IIAS/ISEAS Series on Asia First published in Singapore in 2010 by ISEAS Publishing Institute of Southeast Asian Studies 30 Heng Mui Keng Terrace Pasir Panjang Singapore 119614 E-mail: publish@iseas.edu.sg Website: http://www.bookshop.iseas.edu.sg First published in Europe in 2010 by International Institute for Asian Studies P.O. Box 9515 2300 RA Leiden The Netherlands E-mail: iias@let.leidenuniv.nl Website: http://www.iias.nl/ All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, without the prior permission of the Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.© 2010 Institute of Southeast Asian Studies, Singapore. The responsibility for facts and opinions in this publication rests exclusively with the author and her interpretations do not necessarily reflect the views or the policy of the publishers or its supporters. ISEAS Library Cataloguing-in-Publication Data Varieties of religious authority : changes and challenges in 20th century Indonesian Islam / edited by Azyumardi Azra, Kees van Dijk and Nico J.G. Kaptein. (IIAS-ISEAS series on Asia). 1. Ulama—Indonesia. 2. Authority—Religious aspects—Islam. 3. Islam—Indonesia—History—20th century. I. Azra, Azyumardi. II. Dijk, Kees van, 1946– III. Kaptein, Nico J. G. IV. Title. V. Series. BP63 I5V29 2010 ISBN 978-981-230-940-2 (hard cover) ISBN 978-981-230-951-8 (E-Book PDF) Typeset in Singapore by Superskill Graphics Pte Ltd Printed in Singapore by Utopia Press Pte Ltd ...