Nagapattinam to Suvarnadwipa: Reflections on the Chola Naval Expeditions to Southeast Asia

Index

317 Index 317 317 INDEX A Aarayirappadi Guruparampara Prabhava, 118 Abbasid dynasty, 2 Abraham, Meera, xiv, 2, 67, 68, 135– 36, 166n3, 243 Abu-Lughod, Janet L., 64, 155n26 Abu Zaid, 66 Achyudha Vikrantha, 104 Aden, 2, 3, 23 Adittaraja, 204 Agastya, 214, 218, 220, 225 Aihole, 54, 136, 143 Ainurruva merchant guild, 135–57 inscriptions, 93, 183, 289 organization, 51, 174 origins, 54–55, 143, 151, 152 relation with Chola state, xviii, 80, 151, 181, 183 religion, 173–74 trade with Southeast Asia, 210 see also merchant guilds of South India Airavatesvara temple, 252 Airlangga, xvii, 166n8, 231, 232–37 Aiyer, K.V. Subrahmanya, 125, 128, 135 Aja’ib al-Hind, 79 Ajanta Caves, 184 Akkasalai temple, 173 Alahana Parivana, 205 Alaungsithu, 198, 199 al-Maqdisi, 2 Alur, 88 Amaravati, xiii, 202 Amoghavajra, 65 Amritaghateshvara temple, 279 Ananda, 197, 200 Anantavarmadeva, 164 Anawrahta, 196, 197 Andaman Islands, xvi, 169, 311n51 Andhra Pradesh, 12, 13, 53t, 54, 141, 170 Angkor emergence, 3–4 Indian textiles in, 182, 185, 187, 188 relations with the Cholas, 7–8, 12, 183 temple layout, 205 Angkor Wat, 188 Aniruddha, 237 Anjuvannam merchant guild, 158–67 activities, 94, 149, 174 grouping of foreign merchants, xviii, 54, 136, 148 other guilds and, 51, 158 see also merchant guilds of South India An Lushan (
 ) rebellion, 62 １８ Ｎａｇａｐａｔｔｉｎａｍ＿Ｉｎｄｅｘ （Ｃｈ） 11/4/09, 1:05 PM 317 318 318 Index Annaimangalam, 125 Annamalai, E., 20 Annapota Reddi, 50, 60n12 Anuradhapura art and architecture, 202 Buddhist links, 104, 105, 106 inscription, 88, 201 Sinhalese kingdom, 194, 195, 197 see also Polonnaruva; Sri Lanka Appar, Saint, xvii, 107–108 Arab traders, 160, 162, 165, 180, 242, 256, 311n52 Arabia, 23, 29, 40, 228, 307 Arabic language, xviii, 160, 165, 247, 256, 260f, 266n29, 267n37 archaeological excavations of Ancient Mataram, 236 at Gangaikondacholapuram, 96– 101 at Periyapattinam, 20–60 at Polonnaruva, 193–94, 201–205 in Southeast Asia, 208 in Tamil Nadu, 243 Archaeological Survey of India, 121, 172, 278 Archaeological Survey of Tamil Nadu, xvii architecture brahmanical influence, 186 Chola influence, xiii, 10 Nagapattinam pagoda, 109–18, 128–30 Pallava influence, xiii, 10, 112f Polonnaruva, 202 Quanzhou Siva temple, 245–69 temple construction, 108, 110 Arthashastra, 179 Arunachalam, B., 78, 80, 81, 82, 87, 88, 89n3, 93 Ashoka, 178 Ashokavardhana, 105–106 astronomy, 81, 82–83 Athipatta Nayanar, Saint, 120 Aung Maung Htin, 194, 196, 198, 199, 200 Ayodhya, 202 Ayyanadikal Tiruvadi, 159 Ayyar, Venkatarama K.R., 135, 138 Ayyavole merchant guild community in Barus, 10 disappearance, 166 inscriptions, 93, 163 name, 181 organization, 51, 164–65, 174, 286 peak of activities, 12 relation with Cholas, xviii, 2, 9 see also merchant guilds of South India B Babat, 233, 235 Baghdad, 2 Balaputra, 17 Balaputradeva, 67, 230, 232 Bali, 181, 184, 186, 227 Ban Gu (
), 243 Bana, 185 Banda Aceh, 288 Bangka Island, 228, 312n55 Bangka Straits, 228 Barrett Jones, A.M., 167 Barus Chola attack, 87 inscription, 10, 56, 143, 164, 183, 210, 225, 285–86 situation, 81, 212 batik, 186, 190 Bay of Bandon, 87 Bay of Bengal Chola dominance, 68, 80, 176 cultural exchange across, xiii navigation of, 80–81, 82–83, 87 rivalry in, 5, 6, 8 trade patterns, xviii, 12, 13, 180 Bayon, 188 Bell, H.C.P., 194, 203, 204, 205 １８ Ｎａｇａｐａｔｔｉｎａｍ＿Ｉｎｄｅｘ （Ｃｈ） 11/4/09, 1:05 PM 318 319 Index 319 Bengal, 14, 100, 169 Bengawan Solo River, 235 Bhagadatta, 187 Bhaskara Ravi, 54, 149, 160, 163 Bhatari, 236 Bielenstein, Hans, 66 Bihar, 169, 230 Bode, Mabel, 104, 105, 107, 130n5 Bodhidharma, 105 Boechari, 232 Borobudur, 4 Brahma, 216 Brahmanism, 180, 184, 186 Brahmi script, 208 Brantas River, 234, 235 Brihadisvara temple, xvii, 78, 97, 184 British Library, 128 Buddhadutta, Thera, 104–105 Buddhaghosa, Thera, 104–105 Buddhamangalam, 104 Buddhism Buddha’s tooth relic, 129, 197, 204 in China, 266n28 iconography, 185 influence in Southeast Asia, xiii, 5 in international relations, 12, 73, 109–18 in Java, 233, 236 literature, 103–105, 109, 179, 185 Mahayana, 204 maritime trade and, 180 in South India, 103–109, 173–74, 194 in Sri Lanka, 193, 194, 195–96, 197, 199–200 in Srivijaya, 65, 67, 79, 229–30 Theravada, 104–105, 197–98, 200 Budi-Utomo, Bambang, 230, 231 Burma Indian textiles in, 185 merchant guilds in, 12, 54, 136, 138, 183, 286–87 navigation routes, 81 Pagan empire, 4, 69 place name identification, 194, 196, 311n51 relations with Sri Lanka, 197–200 war with Tamils, 196...