Different Voices: The Singaporean/Malaysian Novel

INDEX

301 INDEX A Abdul Rahman, Tunku, 195 Abraham’s Promise, 201 Acehnese, 3 acrolect, 5, 104 Aeneid, The, 212, 213 Against the Grain, 67, 89 ah particle, 23, 144, 171, 241 Allister, William, 9 Almayer’s Folly, 8 American English, 106, 110, 112 And the Rain my Drink, 10 Andaya, B.W., 2, 3, 4, 232, 266 Andaya, L.Y., 2, 3, 4, 232, 266 Arabic, 39, 46, 167, 231 Arasaratnam, Sinnappah, 201 Ashcroft, B. code-switching, 28 glossing, 187 language variance, 39, 99, 103, 142, 204, 235, 290 lexical borrowings, 12, 30, 124, 175, 182, 191, 203 Augustine, Saint, 215–16 Australia, 140, 240 autobiography, 7 B Baba Malay, 83, 87 Bad Girl’s Book of Animals, A, 14 Bahasa Indonesia, 193 Bahasa Kebangsaan, 5 Bakhtin, Mikhail Bildungsroman, on the, 119 dialogic confrontations, 198 double-voiced discourse, 62, 226 15 SMNovelindex.indd 301 10/2/09 3:38:47 PM 302 Index heteroglossia, 1–2 narrative voice, on the, 32, 220 novelistic hybrids, 138 novelist’s consciousness, on the, 101–2, 212 quasi-direct speech, 145 speech and the novel, 17, 24, 34, 239, 276, 288, 289 stylization of narration, 112, 287 Baling, 195 Baratham, Gopal, 99–120, 162 Barber, Noel, 195, 196 Barnes, John, 55 basilect, 5, 104 basilectal English code-switching, with, 83, 84 lingua franca, as, 38, 87, 143 linguistic features, 102, 104, 143, 158, 199 portrayals of multilingual society, 200, 241, 257, 260, 277, 290 social identification, 60, 91–92, 170, 180, 231 use by Chinese-educated speakers, 81 bazaar Malay lingua franca, as, 4, 5, 20, 58, 59, 84, 203 mimetic translations of, 63 vernacular transcriptions of, 174 Beds in the East, 8 Bengalis, 3 Bildungsroman, 119, 238 Black Rice, 8 Bomoh and the Hantu, The, 140 Boulle, Pierre, 8 Boyanese, 3 Brewster, Anne, 11–12, 62, 68 British English, 5, 122, 199–200, 230 British rule, 3–4, 58, 62, 130, 140, 141 British writers. See European writers Buddhism, 36, 45–46, 47, 50 Bugis, 3 Bukit Nanas Convent, 141 Bunga Emas, 15 Burgess, Anthony, 8 Burma Road, 15 C Candle or the Sun, A, 99–120 Cantonese characters speaking, 20, 82, 86, 129 classification as Chinese, 3 Singapore-Malayan English, 5 lexical borrowings, 85, 88, 175, 229, 230 15 SMNovelindex.indd 302 10/2/09 3:38:47 PM Index 303 numerology, 54 transcriptions and translations, 23, 90, 142, 173 Carroll, Noel, 141, 157 caste system, 56, 67–69 Catholicism, 55 Cauldron, The, 10 Ceylon, 8, 201 Chadwick, Henry, 216 Chang, C.T., 15 Chen Su Lan, 9 Cheng, H.M., 9 Cheong, Colin, 25 Cheong, Fiona, 258–77, 278, 285 Chin dynasty, 255 Chin Kee Onn, 9, 15, 18–19 Chin Peng, 195 Chin Shih Huang, 255 China, 3, 46, 255 China Affair, 15 Chinese community composition, 3, 31, 97 education, 4, 5 effect of Emergency on, 10 literary representations, 6, 23, 39 role of dialects in, 86, 91, 93 role of English in, 87, 90 tensions within, 77, 79, 81, 88, 89, 97 traditional beliefs, 154–55, 159, 277 Chinese Jetsam on a Tropic Shore, 16 Chinese languages, see also individual dialects dialects, 3, 44 Singapore-Malayan English, 5, 11–12 lexical borrowings from, 12, 75, 87, 138, 142, 230, 241–42 use in code-switching, 26 Christian mission schools, 4 Christianity, 146, 154, 155, 205 Chuah Guat Eng, 282 Chulan Ibni Raja Hamid, Raja, 167 Clammer, John R., 10 Clavell, J., 9 Clifford, Sir Hugh, 7, 8–9, 121 code selection, 79 code-mixing bilingual speakers, in, 236, 237, 259, 261, 262, 281 definition, 27–28, 29 emotional marker, as, 38, 79, 80, 85, 86, 126, 223 expression of familiarity, 83, 171, 227, 231 representing multilingual settings, 55, 77, 84, 139, 180, 230, 277, 290 15 SMNovelindex.indd 303 10/2/09 3:38:47 PM 304 Index signalling cultural conflict, 80, 97–98 with play on words, 226 code-switching definition, 26–28, 29, 86 deliberate, 40, 79, 81, 82, 127–28, 171, 224 bilingual speakers, in, 82–83, 224, 236, 242, 263, 281 representing multilingual settings, 55, 76, 139, 180, 187, 200, 277, 290 signalling cultural conflict, 77, 80–81, 97–98 colonial attitudes, 18 colonial government, 3–4, 58, 62, 130, 140, 141 Comber, Leon, 15 Commentary, 11, 14 Confessions, 215 Conrad, Joseph, 7, 8 Crabb, C.H., 137 Crewe, W.J., 32 Cristão, 121, 123 Crocodile...