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113 Chapter 5 The Addresses case As stated in Chapter 3, this book examines the relationship between process structure and spatial enablement at two levels: the inter-organisational case level and the intraorganisational embedded case level. The present chapter discusses the Addresses case, and is organised in the following way. The first section presents a general overview of the Addresses case. The second section describes the inter-organisational address data management process, in terms of spatial enablement, process structure and demands. The third section zooms in on the intra-organisational level. Finally, a comparative analysis of the five embedded cases of the Addresses case is presented in the fourth section. 1 Case description The Addresses case focuses on the process of accessing, managing, using and distributing address data within different organisations at different administrative levels serving differentpublictasks.AnaddressisdefinedintheINSPIREdirective(EuropeanCommission, 2007) as an identification of the location of a property based on address identifiers, usually by road name, house number and postal code. A full address is a hierarchy consisting of components such as geographic names with an increasing level of detail, e.g. town, street name, house number. It may also include a post code or other postal descriptors. Addresses serve several generic purposes, such as location (e.g. for visits or the delivery of mail); identification (e.g. in context of a building registration); jurisdiction (e.g. authority responsible for the property identified by the address); and emergency response. A number of different object types can be related to property. The most commonly recognised types of objects that have addresses are land parcels and buildings (including flats or apartments). In some cases additional objects have an address, such as water pumping stations, mooring places, sport fields, parking lots and agricultural barns. Although these do not receive mail they may need to have an address for other functions. Collectively, objects which can have addresses are referred to as addressable objects. The location of an address is defined in such a way that it identifies the location of the addressable object. In order to exchange addresses, a general structure can be applied. This consists of the following components: administrative unit name (e.g. the name of the municipality); thoroughfare name (e.g. the street name); and address locator (e.g. the house number). Originally for postal delivery purposes, but now often for wider application, an additional component is recognised: postal descriptor (e.g. the postcode). The combination of (some of) these components makes an address. In the Flemish Region in Belgium, the Flemish government and the Flemish Agency for Geographic Information (AGIV) have developed a Central Reference Address Database (CRAB), which in 2011 became the authentic source for address data in Flanders. In the CRAB decree (Vlaams Parlement, 2009b), an address is defined as the identification of a geographic object by address components such as a municipality name, a street name, a house number or a sub-address.The municipalities are seen as an integral part of the CRAB data management procedures (they already have the official competence for the creation 114 of many address components, including street names and house numbers, see: Vlaams Parlement, 1977; Federale Regering, 1992b), and will be responsible for the creation and assignment of the address components street name, house number and sub-address. They will have to ensure the input of these components in the CRAB database and inform the AGIV of any change in the components. In the preparatory phase before the entry into force of the decree, the CRAB database has already been in course of development, using available address data from the National Register (in Dutch: Rijksregister), the Cadastre, the National Companies Database (in Dutch: Kruispuntbank voor Ondernemingen), and road databases. The first version of the CRAB database was established in autumn 2003. It should be noted that this case study was performed in 2010, before CRAB became an authentic source. From the case can be learned that the practice in the public bodies involves the use of many different databases, and separate initiatives in the daily management and use of address data among organisations and between different departments of the same organisation. The updating, maintenance, and use of address data is based on different procedures for the different national/regional/local databases that are available. Next to CRAB, address data are also part of three national authentic databases that are used by public bodies in Flanders: the National Registry for natural persons; the Cadastre for parcels, and the National Companies Database...

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