Divide and Pacify: Strategic Social Policies and Political Protests in Post-Communist Democracies

Subject Index

Subject Index Abnormal pensioners and communism, 89, 94 definition, 5, 8, 53 disability pensioners, 87–88, 112–114 distributional conflicts, 54–55, 57, 67, 137 Germany, 126 old age pensioners, 88–89, 112–114 economic incentives, 53, 65–67 opportunity costs, 63–65 pensioner booms, 5, 7, 73–95, 97, 98 self-targeting, 65–66 social networks, 55–57, 63–64, 67 time consistency, 65–66 Western Europe, 89, 94 Agriculture and social costs, 33–34 informal work, 58 parties, 95 pensions, 90–91 protests 34 Argentina, 10–11, 51 Bankruptcy, 113–116 Belarus, 16–20, 124 Berlin Wall, 1, 133, 139 Brazil, 10, 16–20 Breakdown prophesies, 9–15 Budget constraints and bankruptcy, 113–116 soft, 113 hard, 113 Kornai, 113 Bulgaria, 16–20, 124 Civil society, 3, 60, 131, 140 Colombia, 16–20 Corporatism and institutions, 1 protests, 38–40 Credibility, 65–66 Democracy and liberal, 3, 30, 49, 137 procedural, 44, 137 transitions, 1–2, 68, 133 Denmark 16–20 Disability, see Abnormal pensioners; Pensions Disappointment, 60, 123, 133, 138 (See also: Expectations) Efficiency and constrained; 140 economic; xvi, 5, 65–66, 98–99, 138– 139 political, xvii, 6, 75, 139 Elections and Czech Republic 7, 116, 138 Hungary 7, 131, 138 laws, 8 Poland 7, 131, 138 168 Subject Index Exit and informal, 5, 29, 41–43, 57–63, 64, 66– 67, 70–71, 137 private work, 57–59, 63, 70–71 social ties, 59–60 voice, 5, 41–43, 64, 67, 71–72 Western Europe, 72 Expectations and citizens 10, 138 economic experts 10 social scientists 11, 32 theories 140 Family policies and benefits; 129 incentives 129 relative to pensioners, 76–85 Farmers, see Agriculture France, xv, 16–20, 109, 122 Games and reforms losers; 66, 107–108, 139 generational conflict; 66, 107–108, 139 rules, 4 theory, 8 Generational politics, 104–108, 128, 139 Germany, 16–20, 126 Gerontocracy, see Generational politics Great Depression, xvi, 10 Industrial action, 16–21, see also Protests; Unions Informal economy, see Exit Informal work, see Exit Intentionality, 73, 101–104, 127, 134 Labor force and size, 16–18 golden handshakes, 17 Labor market and active/passive expenditures, 109–110 insecurity; 14, 37, 47 laws 101–103 policy, 108–116 (See also: Unemployment) Latin America, 4, 9–11, 14–20 Machiavellian politics, 103, 138 Pensions and old age dependency, 52, 85–88 retrenchment politics 98–100 system dependency 52, 85–88, 107– 108, 127 time bomb, 125 Pensioners and economic wellbeing, 76–84 farmers, 90, 95 relative poverty, 76–79 relative social spending, 79–84 electoral power, 66, 105–107, 119–121 political parties, 118–119, 130–131 (See also: abnormal pensioners) Peru, 10, 16–20 Portugal 68, 71, 124, 132 Poverty and communist, 76 post-communist, 76–79 (See also: Pensioners) Preemptive policies, 2, 4, 37, 67, 109 (See also: Preventing protests) Preferences and Fixed, 3, 6 shaping, 3 Preventing protests, xvi, 37, 49–72 Protest and authorities, 15–16 demonstrations, 30 disruptive/non-disruptive, 16, 30–32, 123, 138 economic, 4 expression, 5, 49 , 64, 124–125, 138 force; 15–16 mass waves, 10 mobilization, 51–52, 137 new social movements, 4 opportunity costs, 58, 63–65, 69 pre-existing organization, 4, 33, 67 prevention, xvi; 49–72 repertoires, 5, 15–16, 30–31, 64, 123 social networks 32, 51 symbolic, 4 transitions, 1 Subject Index 169 violence, 10–11, 15–16 (See also: Strikes) Romania, 16–20, 68, 122, 124, 131 Shortage economy, xv, 34, 63 Seniority rule, 45, 57, 75–76, 122 Self-targeting, 65 Slovakia, 16–20, 116, 140 Social costs, 1, 2, 4, 9–15, 62 Social networks, see Unemployment Solidarity, 21, 47, 117, 121, 137 Spain, 50, 68, 124, 132 Strikes and strike rate, 18 economic theory, 29, 35–36 corporatism, 38–40 workers involved, 18–22 workdays lost, 18–22 (see also Protests) Structural and explanations, 41–43, 73 variables, 4, 30–32 Sweden, 16–20, 109–110 Time consistency, 65–66 Transitions and reforms, 2 complexity, 3–4, 11, 138 Transformational recession, xv UK, 16–20 Uncertainty, 14, 65–66, 139 Unemployment, and agency 55, 68–69 anti-incumbency attitudes, 14 benefits, xvi; 66, 74–76, Britain, 50 Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, 12, 109, 128 distributional conflicts, 54–55, 67, 137 duration, 111, 129 economic incentives,53, 65–67 economics, 11, 23 fear, 14 inflow-outflow, 110–111, 129 laws, 76, 101–103 life satisfaction, 12, 23, 72...