Reconsidering the American Way of War: US Military Practice from the Revolution to Afghanistan

Index

Index active defense, 144 Adams, John, 173 AEF. See American Expeditionary Force The AEF Way of War: The American Army and Combat in World War I (Grotelueschen), 15 Afghanistan War, 19, 150–53, 167 Aguinaldo, Emilio, 102–3 air-centric strategies, 20 aircraft carriers, 121 Air Force (US), 57, 126, 128, 149 air-ground cooperation, 123–24, 125, 128 AirLand Battle theory, 144, 147–48 air-power theories, 51, 55, 120–21, 147 Alger, Russell A., 101 Allende, Salvador, 138, 139 al-Qaeda, 56, 150, 151, 152 The American Culture of War: The History of U.S. Military Force from World War II to Operation Iraqi Freedom (Lewis), 23 American Expeditionary Force (AEF), 15, 116–17, 119 American Indian way of war. See Native American warfare American Revolution. See Revolutionary War American strategic culture, 37–43; casualty aversion, 14, 18, 42–43; “Crusader” mentality of, 23, 40–41; demographic and economic changes impacting, 39; geographic factors impacting, 37–39; on limited wars, 22, 23, 26, 40–41; military’s role in shaping, 21, 22; politicization of, 37; technocentrism in, 41–42; way of war, relationship with, 22, 23–24 American War of Independence. See Revolutionary War The American Way of Strategy: US For‑ eign Policy and the American Way of Life (Lind), 25–26 American way of war, 9–31; battlefield victories, focus on, 174–76; centers of gravity in, 173–74; characteristics 210 Index attrition strategies: in Civil War, 85, 87, 90; definitions of, 50, 53; in Korean War, 128; for NATO forces, 144; objectives of, 29n20, 53; in Plains Indian Wars, 93; in Revolutionary War, 12, 70; in Vietnam War, 140; Weigley on, 11 Bainbridge, William, 73 Banana Wars, 20, 130 Barbarians and Brothers: Anglo‑ American Warfare, 1500–1865 (Lee), 14–15 Barbary Wars, 19, 72–73, 81 Batraville, Benoît, 113 battle-centric strategies, 49–51 battlefield victories, focus on, 174–76 Battle of. See specific name of battle battleships, 98, 116, 121, 132n36 Bay of Pigs invasion (1961), 137–38, 164 Beauregard, P. T. G., 89 bin Laden, Osama, 150, 151, 152 bombing campaigns, 124–25, 141–42 Bonaparte, Napoleon, 56 Bonura, Michael, 15 Boot, Max, 19–20, 21 Bosnia conflict (1995), 148 Bosque Redondo Reservation, 94 Boxer Rebellion (1900), 104–5 Bragg, Braxton, 90–91 Brandywine Creek, Battle of (1777), 66, 68 Brazil interventions (1964), 138, 139 Brigety, Reuben, 25 Britain, Battle of (1940), 120 British Guiana interventions (1963), 138 The British Way in Warfare (Hart), 26 Brooklyn Heights, Battle of (1776), 66–67 Brown, Jacob, 76 Buell, George, 96 of, 13–17, 24–26; diversity of, 165– 67; failings in, 21–28; force, lack of overwhelming and decisive use of, 167–69; interpretive phases of, 10– 11; origins and evolution of, 13–14, 15; politicization of, 2–3, 10, 18, 27, 162–64; similarities with European way of war, 16, 24; traditional vs. new, 17–21, 25. See also military strategies; strategic culture; specific wars and battles American Way of War (Weigley): acceptance and praise of, 9–10, 11, 26–27; criticism of, 2, 12–13, 26 “American way of world war,” 26 America’s Economic Way of War: War and the US Economy from the Spanish–American War to the Persian Gulf War (Rockoff), 26 amphibious operations, 121–22 Anaconda Plan, 48, 86, 87, 165–66 Anbar Awakening, 157 annexation policies, 77 annihilation strategies: in Afghanistan War, 151; in Civil War, 52–53; definitions of, 50, 52; objectives of, 28– 29n20, 52–53; in Spanish–American War, 53, 99, 106, 166; in War of 1812, 165; Weigley on, 9–10, 11, 12, 50–51 Antietam, Battle of (1862), 90, 91 Árbenz, Jacobo, 136, 137 Arias, Desiderio, 114 Arista, Mariano, 79 Army (US): intellectual traditions influencing way of war for, 15–16; operational level of war established by, 57; training and regulations manuals, 119, 122, 144, 148; on unconventional warfare, 129; wartime scenarios and contingency plans developed by, 98 Art of War (Jomini), 63 Aspin, Les, 146 American way of war (continued) Index 211 90–92, 165–66; naval engagements during, 89; occupation and reconstruction following, 92–93; operational failures in, 86, 88, 90, 91 Clausewitz, Carl von: on advantages of defense, 64, 87; on medieval conflicts, 69; on scientific guidelines, 172–73; on strategy, 49, 52, 57; on war, 25, 27, 47, 48, 162 Clinton, Henry, 68, 70 coastal artillery, 13, 55 coercive diplomacy, 51, 54, 93, 96–97 Cohen, Eliot...