Pakistan's Counterterrorism Challenge

Index

Index Abbottabad, 49, 104 abductions for ransom, 160 Abdullah Azzam Brigade, 109–10 accountability, of military officials, 131, 134 Action in Aid of Civil Power (AACP) Regulations 2011, 135, 145–46 Afghan Islamic Press, 171, 185n4 Afghanistan agreement on end game, 54 backlash in Pakistan, 204 counterinsurgency (COIN) campaign in, 2 FATA involvement in 1980s war, 111 likelihood of terrorist-free, 57 Pakistan and, 25 Pakistan as front in US-led campaign, 17 US invasion, 28 Afghanistan-Pakistan border, 110. See also Durand Line Afghan prison returnees, in Punjab, 114 Afghan refugees in Pakistan, 143 Afghan-Soviet war, militant media in, 170 Afghan Taliban, 2, 34, 39, 43n16, 49, 110, 127 objectives and activities, 24 Pakistan and, 35, 188–89 Pakistan as shelter for, 200 237 refuge in FATA, 28 and TTP, 31 Ahmadzai Wazirs tribe, 28, 70 Ahmadzai Yargulkhel Wazirs, al-Qaeda financing of, 72 Aid in Action of Civil Power (AACP) legislation, 206 Airport Security Force (ASF), 105, 107 AJK. See Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK) Al-Akhtar Trust, 153, 157 Allah-Hu-Akbar (God Is Great), 171 Alvi, Faisal, 72 animal hides donation of, 153 government directions on, 164 Ansar ul-Islam, state ban, 184n1 anti-Americanism, in Pakistan, 37–38, 65 Anti-Money Laundering Ordinance, 2007, 163 Anti-Narcotics Force (ANF), 105, 107 Anti-Terrorism Act (ATA), 111, 118, 123, 130–31, 138, 140, 182 courts established under, 141 antiterrorism, 3 antiterrorism courts, limitations of, 100 armed conflict detainee, vs. constitutional detainee, 136–37 As-Sahab Media, links to al-Qaeda, 174 Al-Asar Trust, 152 238 Index assassination attempts, 16 Auqaf departments, 164 authoritarianism, 85, 102n6 Awami National Party (ANP), 74, 195 Azad Jammu Kashmir (AJK), 105 police strength, 108 Azam, Muhammad, 180 Azhar, Maulana Masood, 178 Aziz, Maulana, 79n3 Azzam, Abdullah Yusuf, 178 Al-Badar Mujahideen (BM), state ban, 150 Al-Badr, 18 funding, 152, 153 Badr at-Tawheed Media, links to alQaeda , 174 Bagh, Mangal, 110, 177 Bajaur Agency, 75, 128 balloon effect, 73 Baloch, Hanif, 133 Baloch, Yousaf Nazar, 133 Baloch Students Organizations, 133 Balochistan, 4, 6, 33, 42n1, 49, 104–5 ‘‘B areas,’’ 113 Liberation Army, 52 police strength, 108 risk of US troops in direct conflict, 201 terror attacks in, 16 Balochistan Liberation Army, state ban, 184n1 Bangladesh, 6 bank accounts, freezing, 163 bank robberies, 160 Al-Baraq, 18 Bari, Abdul, 154, 155 Basra, Riaz, 110 battle inoculation training centers, 76, 80n9 battle space, lack of defined, 66 Beg, Mirza Aslam, 79n1 Beg, Mushtaq, 118 assassination investigation weaknesses , 121–22 behavior, institution as constraints, 84 Bhatti, Shahbaz, 58 Bhutto, Benazir, 16 acquittal of suspects, 129 assassination, 117, 120–21 Bhutto, Zulfikar Ali, 68 bin Laden, Osama, 49, 174, 176, 188 black Taliban (‘‘Tor Taliban’’), 112 blasphemy, 61n14, 68, 100 Boot, Max, 3 Border Police, 116 boycott, of American and European products, 154 Boyle, Michael, 3 Breininger, Eric, 112 bribes, 102n7 British occupation of FATA, 111 Bugti, Brahamdagh, 110 Buner, 74 Bush administration, 85 business enterprises, militant support from, 153–54 ‘‘capacity vs. will’’ debate, 10, 33–41, 204–5 car bombs, 113 Caroe, Olaf, 80n12 casualties in Pakistan, 42n2, 65 CDs militant use, 176–77 piracy of, 155–56 cell phones, militant use, 175–76 challan (indictment), 139 charities donations to militants through, 151 need for regulation, 166 Chaudhry, Iftikhar, attempted attack, investigation weaknesses, 122 China, 200 Index 239 Chitral Border Police, 116 Chowk zeba khana, 104 civil–military imbalance in Pakistan, 68, 94, 207–8 civilian capacity, 94 civilian law enforcement, 2, 36 civilians, compensation for affected, 144 CMO (counterterrorism military operations ), 63 code of conduct, for military personnel, absence of, 133 COIN. See counterinsurgency (COIN) campaign compensation for affected civilians, 144, 146 competition between factions, 88 Congress Party in India, 88 Conolly, Arthur, 124n9 consensus, transaction costs of building, 84, 89, 100 constitution of Pakistan on actions in ‘‘aid of civil power,’’ 137 on individual right to liberty, 134 on military operations, 130 constitutional detainee, vs. armed conflict detainee, 136–37 constraints, 207–9 civil–military imbalance in Pakistan, 207–8 coordination absence between civil government and military, 91–95 absence of mechanism, 205–6 corruption, 102n7 Council of Islamic Ideology, 170 counterinsurgency (COIN) campaign, 128 absence of policy, 69 in Afghanistan, 2 vs. counterterrorism, 3–5 criticism of strategy, 132 Pakistan constitution on, 130 Pakistani military efforts, 63 strength of force, 66–67 counterinsurgenterrorism, 3 counterterrorism centers (CTCs), 76 counterterrorism (CT), 203 absence of civil government...