Sovereignty: Moral and Historical Perspectives

Index

Abbasid dynasty, 125–28, 131 absolutism, 109–14, 117, 156–57. See also tyranny Afghanistan, 123, 130, 135 African Union Constitutive Act, 147, 149 Ali (caliph), 124–25 Althusius, Johannes, 72–74; on just cause and self-defense, 72–73; seven forms of just cause, 73; and shift from moral responsibility of the ruler to the populus, 72–73, 82–83; on tyranny, 74, 83 Ames, William, 22, 24, 44, 76–79; on authority for a just war, 77–79; Conscience, with the Power and Cases Thereof, 76–77; four criteria for just war, 77; Medulla Theologiae, 76; and relationship between ruler and people, 78–79; and ruler’s role as agent of community, 78; Vitoria’s language, 77–78 Annan, Kofi, 147–48 Aquinas, Thomas, 28–43, 49, 103–4; and Aristotle, 37, 39; and Augustinian model, 17–18, 29, 83; and Cajetan, 44– 46; on clergy in war, 63; Commentary on the Sentences of Peter Lombard, 38, 41–42; on good government and natural law, 38–41; on just cause, 28–32, 83; on life in a political community, 37–38; on monarchies, 40–41, 107; Neo-Scholastic interpreters, 44–49, 53–54; On Princely Government (De regimine principum), 33–34, 38, 40–43; question “On War” (Summa theologiae), 12, 31, 33, 36, 38, 43, 44–46, 48, 53–54, 78; on right intention, 28–30, 47–48, 53–54; and Romans 13:4, 49, 50; on sedition, 32–33, 38–39, 42; on self-defense, 30–32, 83; on sovereign authority as first condition for just war, 28–34, 36–38, 64–65, 81–82; and Suarez, 53–54; three conditions/ requirements for just war, 17–18, 28–29, 77; and tyrannical rule, 33, 34–35, 38– 43, 107, 110; on vindicative justice and just war, 34, 83; and Vitoria, 47–49, 82 “Arab Spring,” 135 aristocracies, 71 Aristotle, 17, 37, 39 Assad, Bashar al-, 123, 151–52 Augustine/Augustinian model: Aquinas and, 17–18, 29, 83; City of God, 15–16; and classical just war tradition, 10–14, 83; Contra Faustum, 15; De Libero Arbitrio, 14–15; Gratian and, 10–11, 12, 14, 16–17; and Hebrew scriptural tradition, 10; and just cause for war, 56; just war as moral obligation to preserve human political goods, 15–16; Luther and, 65; moral requirements for just use of force, 11–14, 23; on right/wrong intentions, 12–13, 23, 29, 36; and Roman natural law tradition, 10, 14–17; and sovereignty as responsibility, 10–14 authority and the older conception of sovereignty: Ames on authority for a just war, 77–79; Aquinas on ruler and use of armed force, 36–43; Aquinas’s definition of requirement of, 31–34; Aquinas’s distinction between private/ public authority, 32–33; Aquinas’s first condition for just war, 28–34, 36–38, 64–65, 81–82; Calvin on civil rulers and use of armed force, 71–72; Catholic papalists’ construct of, 61–64; Decretists 171 Index 172 index authority and the older conception of sovereignty (continued) and Decretalists, 14, 63–64, 82; Gentili on, 75–76; Grotius on authority for war, 75–76; Luther’s one-sword doctrine and temporal authority, 64–67; Suarez on, 53–55, 57; Suarez on the commonwealth’s authority, 54–55; two kingdoms/two-swords doctrine, 61–67; Vitoria’s three propositions on, 48–49 Baghdad caliphate, 126–27 Begby, Endre, 81 Bellamy, Alex J., 149 bin Ladin, Osama, 130 Bodin, Jean, 50, 68 Bonet, Honoré, 24, 43 Boniface, Pope, 37 Bosnia, NATO intervention in, 151–52, 160 Bush, George W., 147 Buwahid dynasty, 126 Cajetan (Thomas de Vio), 44–47; and Aquinas’s “On War,” 44–46; distinction between defensive and offensive war, 46–47; distinction between perfect and imperfect political communities, 45 Calvin, John, 22, 24, 42, 70–72; on civil government, 70–72; on civil rulers and use of armed force as moral responsibility, 71–72; on defense and just cause, 73; on government as trusteeship, 72, 78; Institutes of the Christian Religion, 33, 70–71; term “magistrate” for secular ruler, 70–71 canon law tradition, 19–22; and authority of the pope, 63–64; Decretists and Decretalists (and authority in just war), 14, 63–64, 82; Gratian, 29–30, 82; noncombatant immunity, 24; and Roman natural law, 14–22, 87, 103–5; struggles over temporal authority and religious authority, 21 Chesterman, Simon, 149, 150–51, 152 China and humanitarian intervention, 146–47 chivalric tradition: armies and codes of military conduct, 69...