The Hawkins Ranch in Texas: From Plantation Times to the Present

Index

African Americans: Chapmans’ crop farming, , , –, ; economic consequences of Emancipation for, –; as household servants and childcare givers, , –, , –, –, –; Parks family as tenant farmers, –, ; racial segregation, ; Susie Green as cook for ranch hands, , , ; young gatekeepers, . See also ranch hands; slave workforce agriculture: as foundation of antebellum economy, , ; as Hawkins’s family business, –. See also Caney plantation; cattle ranching aircraft landing strip,  Aleck (J. B.’s slave),  Allesley Park College, – alley way in Margaret’s childhood, – Alston, Archibald, , , ,  Alston, Ariella Adella (Mrs. J. B. Hawkins), x–xi, xiii, , . See also Hawkins, Ariella Adella Alston, Charles, , , ,  Alston, Edgar, , , , – Alston, Leonides,  Alston, Sarah (Sallie) Madaline (née Potts), xiii, , , , ,  Alston, Willis, xiii,  antebellum period, Texas economy in, –, . See also Caney plantation; slave workforce architecture and materials: Caney plantation house, ; courthouse, –; Janie’s house, ; Meta and Jim’s house in Bay City, ; Ranch House, –, n –; sugar mill, – Ashcraft, John, ,  Ashcraft, Wade, ,  assets: diversification of, –; investment portfolio, , ; mineral interests, –, , , –; tangible vs. intangible, , , –. See also land, family relationship to Austin, Mr. (Frank’s lawyer), ,  Austin, Stephen F., , n  Austin, Texas, Furse family’s move to,  Avenue G, Bay City, – Bachman, Dick,  Bachman, Martha (née Rugeley), ,  banking, –, –, –, n  Barbecue House,  barbed wire,  barbershop, – Barr, Alwyn,  Barr, Nicholas,  Bay City: courthouse, ; Depression-era childhood experiences, –; economic prospects for, –; flooding of (), ; Frank Lewis’s civic activities, ; Furse family’s settling in, ; as home place, , ; intimate culture of, ; layout of, ; origins of, ; town square, –. See also houses; town and country life Bay City Bank and Trust,  Becky (Ariella’s servant), – beef vs. hides as value of cattle, development of,  blacks. See African Americans boats, , ,  Boy Scout Jamboree,  Branch, John,  branding of cattle, ,  breeding of cattle, Frank Lewis’s failed attempt, – brick making, – Index 224 index bridge foursome, , , , n  Brodie, E. G., , ,  Brodie, James H., , , , ,  Brodie, Lucy,  Brodie, Virginia (née Hawkins), –, , , , . See also Hawkins, Virginia Buckeye Ranch, , n  business perspective: banking, –, –, –, n ; Hawkins’s family legacy, –; land as business asset, , –; plantation operations, , –, , – , –; social skill as important to, –; trust for Hawkins children, , –, ; women’s role in family business, . See also assets; partnership agreement and structure Bussell, Roland,  cabins for plantation hands, ,  Campbell, Randolph,  Caney Creek, , ,  Caney plantation: cemetery, , ; Civil War period, , –; context for, –; Edgar Hawkin’s family’s inheritance of, , ; Emancipation effects, , ; home life, , –, –, n ; house on, , , , n ; hurricane’s effect on crops (), ; introduction, ; J. B.’s attitude toward, ; landscaping, , ; starting operations at, –; sugar as crop of choice, ; traveling to Texas to establish, –, ; visibility of livelihood in, ; work ethic needed to manage, –. See also slave workforce Canoe Lake,  Carleton, Emma,  Carlshaven school,  Cassel (Kassel), Germany,  cattle drives,  cattle ranching: antebellum challenge of taming cattle, ; beef industry development, – ; branding, , ; context for, –; cowboy dramatics, –; cutting calves, , ; Frank Hawkins Lewis’s management, –, –; Frank Hawkins’s management, , , –, –; illness management, ; Lizzie’s solo attempt at, –; mixedbreed stock, , –; notes on sale of cattle (), n ; seasonal activities, ; selling the herd, –; shipping methods, ; tools of, –; young lady ranchers’ management, , –, –, , , , . See also ranch hands Cavanah-Currie house, –, –n  cemetery, ,  Chapman, Douglas, , , ,  Chapman, Rose (née Franklin), , , –,  Chevy Chase College,  child care, African Americans’ role in, , ,  childhood experiences: Bay City context, – ; on Caney plantation, , –, ; Depression-era, –, –, , –; Frank Hawkins’s children, – cholera,  Christian Science,  church and social life, town as source of, . See also religion cistern house,  Civil War period, , –, – coastal region, – Cockburn, B. C., – cock fights, – Colorado River, ,  commerce, Edgar’s failed career in, – commercial perspective on slavery. See economics of slave workforce community property rights, Ariella’s fight for, , – confectionaries,  Confederacy, Hawkins Ranch’s role in, , – convicts as laborers at Caney plantation,  cooking and mealtimes, –, , ,  coon hunt,  Cooper, Henry, – corn, as staple food source,  country and town life. See home life; town and country life courthouse, Bay City,  cowhands. See ranch hands crabbing,  culture and environs, small-town Depressionera , –. See also family dynamics and culture Currie house, –, –n  index 225 Curtis, Hinton,  Curtis, Morton,  Curtis, Mr.,  cutting calves,  Davant, Will, , ,  Dennis, Liege, ,  Depot, the, – Depression,  diversification of assets, – Doubek, Jane, , ,  duck hunting,  Duff, F. J., , – Duff, R. C., – Duke, Thomas M.,  Duke League,  Duncan, John,  Duncan, Mollie,  Earhart, Amelia, – earmarking of cattle,  economics of slave workforce: during Civil War, ; Emancipation’s transformation of, –; integration into agricultural system, , , –, , –,  economy: Bay City’s prospects, –; Depression , ; Texas’ thriving antebellum, , –,  education: Frank Hawkins, –; Frank Hawkins Lewis, –; Hawkins children (Frank’s), –; Hawkins family’s valuing of, ; Margaret Lewis, –, –, ; Rowland Rugeley, , , ; sending children to North Carolina for, , ; town as source of, , , , –; Virginia Hawkins, – Emancipation’s consequences, , – emotional attachment to land, , –, , , , – English school...