Patrick Chamoiseau: A Critical Introduction

Notes

239 notes Chapter 1 1. Wilson Harris, “History Fable and Myth in the Caribbean and the Guianas,” Caribbean Quarterly 16, no. 2 (June 1970): 16. 2. Errol Hill notes that Lafcadio Hearn observed a masquerade in the carnival on Martinique in 1888 with diablesses chanting the question “Jou ouve?” (Is it daybreak?) and receiving the response, “Jou pa’nco ouve.” See Hill, The Trinidad Carnival (London: New Beacon Books, 1997), 86. 3. Sam Haigh, “From Exile to Errance: Dany Laferrière’s Cette grenade dans la main du jeune Nègre est-elle une arme ou un fruit?” The Francophone Caribbean Today: Literature, Language, Culture (Jamaica: University of the West Indies Press, 2003), 63. 4. Key works in Chamoiseau studies include Lorna Milne, Patrick Chamoiseau: Espaces d’une écriture antillaise (Amsterdam and New York: Rodopi, 2006); Maeve McCusker, Patrick Chamoiseau: Recovering Memory (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 2007); Noémie Auzas, Chamoiseau ou les voix de Babel: De l’imaginaire des langues (Paris: Imago, 2009). These works explore the writer’s oeuvre in terms of space, time, and language respectively. Special issues of Antilla, no. 11, 1988–1989, and Karibèl Magazine, no. 3, November–December 1992, have been dedicated to the author. Studies of francophone Caribbean literature attest to Chamoiseau’s influence as a theorist and creative writer, including Rose-Myriam Réjouis, Veill ées pour les mots: Aimé Césaire, Patrick Chamoiseau et Maryse Condé (Paris: Editions Karthala, 2004); Mary Gallagher, Soundings in French Caribbean Writing Since 1950: The Shock of Space and Time (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2002); Delphine Perret, La créolité: Espace de création (Martinique: Ibis Rouge Editions, 2001); Dominique Chancé, L’auteur en souffrance (Paris: Presses Universitaires de France, 2000); H. Adlai Murdoch, Creole Identity in the French Caribbean Novel (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001); Luciano Picanço, Vers un concept de littérature nationale martiniquaise: évolution de la littérature martiniquaise au XXème siècle: une étude sur l’oeuvre d’Aimé Césaire, Édouard Glissant, Patrick Chamoiseau et Raphaël Confiant (New York: P. Lang, 2000); Michael Dash, The Other America (Charlottesville : University Press of Virginia, 1998); and Lydie Moudileno, L’écrivain antillais au miroir de sa littérature (Paris: Editions Karthala, 1997). 240 Notes 5. Édouard Glissant, “Dispossession,” Caribbean Discourse: Selected Essays, trans. J. Michael Dash (Charlottesville: University Press of Virginia, 1992), 13. 6. Dominick La Capra, History and Memory after Auschwitz (Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 1998), 10. 7. McCusker, Patrick Chamoiseau, 17. 8. Kathleen M. Balutansky and Marie-Agnès Sourieau, “Introduction,” Caribbean Creolization: Reflections on the Cultural Dynamics of Language, Literature, and Identity (Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1998), 3. For more on the instabilities of Creole identity, see H. Adlai Murdoch’s introduction to Creole Identity in the French Caribbean Novel, pp. 2–7, as well as Wendy Knepper’s “Colonization / Creolization / Globalization: The Art and Ruses of Bricolage,” Small Axe 21, no. 1 (Fall 2006): 70–86. 9. Michaeline Crichlow, Globalization and the Post-Creole Imagination (Durham: Duke University Press, 2009), 212. 10. Perret, La créolité, 264. 11. Gerard Aching, “On Masking and Carnival Time: Some Methodological Considerations,” keynote address at the summer symposium “The Arts and Cultural Politics of Carnival,” Obermann Center for Advanced Studies, University of Iowa, July 12, 2005. See also Aching’s Masking and Power: Carnival and Popular Culture in the Caribbean (Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2002). 12. Milne, Patrick Chamoiseau, 27. 13. Milne, Patrick Chamoiseau, 25. 14. Born a slave, Toussaint L’Ouverture was an important leader in the Haitian revolution who led troupes to overthrow the plantation owners, abolish slavery, and establish an independent republic. 15. Caryl Phillips, The Atlantic Sound (London: Vintage, 2001), 2. 16. V. S. Naipaul, The Middle Passage (London: Picador, 2001), 218. 17. Naipaul, The Middle Passage, 200. 18. Justin Daniel, Cinquante ans de departmentalisation outré-mer (Paris: L’Harmattan, 1997), 11. 19. H. Adlai Murdoch, “Autobiography and Departmentalization in Chamoiseau ’s Chémin d’école: Representational Strategies and the Martinican Memoir,” Research in African Literatures 40, no. 2 (Spring 2009): 19. 20. Milne, Patrick Chamoiseau, 195–96. 21. Saint-John Perse can be seen as participating in the tradition of masquerade ; Winspur suggests that Perse introduces a deliberate slippage between extratextual and textual worlds through the projection of the narrator as author. Steve Winspur, Saint-John Perse and the Imaginary Reader (Geneva: Droz, 1988), 114. Notes...