The History of England Volume V

Title Page

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pp. iii-

Copyright Details

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pp. iv-

Table of Contents

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pp. v-xi

The History of England

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pp. 1-

XLV. James I: Introduction - James's first transactions - State of Europe - Rosni's negociations - Raleigh's conspiracy - Hampton-court conference - A Parliament - Peace with Spain

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pp. 3-24

THE CROWN OF ENGLAND was never transmitted from father to son with greater tranquillity, than it passed from the family of Tudor to that of Stuart. During the whole reign of Elizabeth, the eyes of men had been employed in search of her successor; and when old age made the prospect of her death more immediate, there appeared none but the king of Scots, who could advance any...

XLVI. Gunpowder conspiracy - A parliament - Truce betwixt Spain and the United Provinces - A parliament - Death of the French King - Arminianism - State of Ireland

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pp. 25-49

WE ARE NOW TO RELATE AN EVENT, one of the most memorable, that history has conveyed to posterity, and containing at once a singular proof both of the strength and weakness of the human mind; its widest departure from morals, and most steady attachment to religious prejudices. 'Tis the Gunpowder treason of which I speak; a fact as certain as it appears incredible. ...

XLVII. Death of Prince Henry - Marriage of the Princess Elizabeth with the Palatine - Rise of Somerset - His marriage - Overbury poisoned - Fall of Somerset - Rise of Buckingham - Cautionary towns delivered - Affairs of Scotland

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pp. 50-73

THIS YEAR the sudden death of Henry, prince of Wales, diffused an universal grief throughout the nation. Though youth and royal birth, both of them strong allurements, prepossess men mightily in favour of the early age of princes; it is with peculiar fondness, that historians mention Henry: And, in every respect, his merit seems to have been extraordinary. He had not...

XLVIII. Sir Walter Raleigh's expedition - His execution- Insurrections in Bohemia - Loss of the Palatinate - Negociations with Spain - A parliament- Parties- Fall of Bacon - Rupture between the king and the commons - Protestation of the commons

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pp. 74-96

AT THE TIME when Sir Walter Raleigh was first confined in the Tower, his violent and haughty temper had rendered him the most unpopular man in England; and his condemnation was chiefly owing to that public odium, under which he laboured. During the thirteen years imprisonment which he suffered, the sentiments of the nation were much changed with regard to him. ...

XLIX. Negociations with regard to the marriage and the Palatinate - Character of Buckingham - Prince's journey to Spain - Marriage treaty broken - A parliament - Return of Bristol - Rupture with Spain - Treaty with France - Mansfeldt's expedition - Death of the king - His character

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pp. 97-123

TO WREST THE PALATINATE from the hands of the emperor and the duke of Bavaria , must always have been regarded as a difficult task for the power of England, conducted by so unwarlike a prince as James: It was plainly impossible, while the breach subsisted between him and the commons. The king's negociations, therefore, had they been managed with ever so great...

Appendix to the Reign of James I: Civil government of England during this period - Ecclesiastical government - Manners - Finances - NavyCommerce - Manufactures - Colonies - Learning and arts

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pp. 124-155

IT MAY NOT BE IMPROPER, at this period, to· make a pause: and to take a survey of the state of the kingdom, with regard to government, manners, finances, arms, trade, learning. Where a just notion is not formed of these particulars, history can be little instructive, and often will not be intelligible. We may safely pronounce, that the English government, at the accession of the Scottish line, was much more arbitrary, than it is...

L. Charles I: A parliament at Westminster - At Oxford - Naval expedition against Spain - Second parliament - Impeachment of Buckingham - Violent measures of the court - War with France - Expedition to the isle of Rhe

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pp. 156-185

NO SOONER HAD CHARLES taken into his hands the reins of government, than he showed an impatience to assemble the great council of the nation; and he would gladly, for the sake of dispatch, have called together the same parliament, which had sitten under his father, and which lay at that time under prorogation. But being told that this measure would appear unusual...

LI. Third parliament - Petition of right - Prorogation - Death of Buckingham - New session of parliament - Tonnage and poundage - Arminianism - Dissolution if the parliament

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pp. 186-216

THERE WAS REASON to apprehend some disorder or insurrection from the discontents, which prevailed among the people in England. Their liberties, they believed, were ravished from them; illegal taxes extorted; their commerce which had met with a severe check from the Spanish, was totally annihilated by the French war; those military honours transmitted to them from their...

LII. Peace with France - Peace with Spain - State of the court and ministry - Character of the queen - Strafford - Laud - Innovations in the church - Irregular levies of money - Severities in the star-chamber and high commission - Ship money - Trial of Hambden

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pp. 217-248

THERE NOW OPENS to us a new scene. Charles, naturally disgusted with parliaments, who, he found, were determined to proceed against him with unmitigated rigour, both in invading his prerogative, and refusing him all supply, resolved not to call any more, till he should see greater indications of a compliant disposition in the nation. Having lost his great favourite, Buckingham...

LIII. Discontents in Scotland - Introduction if the canons and liturgy - A tumult at Edinburgh - The covenant - A general assembly - Episcopacy abolished - War - A pacification - Renewal of the war - Fourth English parliament - Dissolution - Discontents in England - Rout at Newburn - Treaty at Rippon - Great council of the peers

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pp. 249-282

THE GRIEVANCES, under which the English laboured, when considered in themselves, without regard to the constitution, scarcely deserve the name; nor were they either burthensome on the people's properties, or anywise shocking to the natural humanity of mankind. Even the imposition of ship-money, independent of the consequences, was a great and evident advantage to the public; by the judicious use, which the king made of the money

LIV. Meeting of the long parliament - Strafford and Laud impeached - Finch and Windebank fly - The bishops attacked - Tonnage and poundage - Triennial bill - Strafford's trial - Bill of attainder - Execution of Strafford - High-commission and star-chamber abolished - King's journey to Scotland

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pp. 283-331

THE CAUSES OF DISGUST, which, for above thirty years, had daily been multiplying in England, were now come to full maturity, and threatened the kingdom with some great revolution or convulsion. The uncertain and undefined limits of prerogative and privilege had been eagerly disputed during that whole period; and in every controversy between prince and people, the question...

LV. Settlement of Scotland - Conspiracy in Ireland - Insurrection and massacre - Meeting of the English parliament - The remonstrance - Reasons on both sides - Impeachment of the bishops - Accusation of the five members - Tumults - King leaves London - Arrives in York - Preparations for civil war

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pp. 332-385

THE SCOTS, who began these fatal commotions, thought, that they had finished a very perilous undertaking, much to their profit and reputation. Besides the large pay voted them for lying in good quarters during a twelvemonth, the English parliament had conferred on them a present of 300,000 pounds for their brotherly assistance! In the articles of pacification, they were declared...

LVI. Commencement of the civil war - Battle of Edgehill - Negociation at Oxford - Victories of the royalists in the west - Battle of Stratton - Of Lansdown - Of Roundway-down - Death of Hambden - Bristol taken - Siege of Gloucester - Battle of Newbury - Actions in the north of England - Solemn league and covenant - Arming of the Scots - State of Ireland

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pp. 386-427

WHEN TWO NAMES, so sacred in the English constitution as those of KING and PARLIAMENT, were placed in opposition; no wonder the people were divided in their choice, and were agitated with most violent animosities and factions. The nobility, and more considerable gentry, dreading a total confusion of rank from the fury of the populace, inlisted themselves in defence of the monarch, from whom they received, and...

LVII. Invasion of the Scots - Battle of Marston-moor - Battle of Cropredy-bridge - Essex's forces disarmed - Second battle of Newbury - Rise and character of the Independents - Self-denying ordinance - Fairfax, Cromwell - Treaty of Uxbridge - Execution of Laud

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pp. 428-460

THE KING HAD HITHERTO, during the course of the war, obtained many advantages over the parliament, and had raised himself, from that low condition, into which he had first fallen, to be nearly upon an equal footing with his adversaries. Yorkshire, and all the northern counties, were reduced by the marquess of Newcastle; and, excepting Hull, the parliament was master of no...

LVIII. Montrose's victories - The new model of the army - Battle of Naseby - Surrender of Bristol - The west conquered by Fairfax - Defeat of Montrose - Ecclesiastical affairs - King goes to the Scots at Newark - End of the war - King delivered up by the Scots

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pp. 461-491

WHILE THE KING'S AFFAIRS declined in England, some events happened in Scotland, which seemed to promise him a more prosperous issue of the quarrel. Before the commencement of these civil disorders, the earl of Montrose, a young nobleman of a distinguished family, returning from his travels, had been introduced to the king, and had made an offer of his services; but by the insinuations of the marquess...

LIX. Mutiny of the army - The king seized by Joyce - The army march against the parliament - The army subdue the parliament - The king flies to the isle of Wight - Second civil war - Invasion from Scotland - The treaty of Newport - The civil war and invasion repressed - The king seized again by the army - The house purged - The king's trial - And execution - And character

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pp. 492-548

THE DOMINION OF THE PARLIAMENT was of short duration. No sooner had they subdued their sovereign, than their own servants rose against them, and tumbled them from their slippery throne. The sacred boundaries of the laws being once violated, nothing remained to confine the wild projects of zeal and ambition. And every successive revolution became a precedent for that...

NOTES TO THE FIFTH VOLUME

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pp. 549-583