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PolWritV1_651-710.indd 656 2/21/12 12:13 PM [43} DEAN SWIFT Causes ofa Country's Growing Rich and Flourishing WORCESTER, 1786 A content analysis by Richard Merrit showed that around 1765 the .fi. colonists began referring to themselves in the newspapers more frequently as Americans than as Englishmen. A content analysis of the press in the q8os would undoubtedly show the rise of Federalist commercial influence. This short piece is an efficient expositor of this growing theory of political economy and illustrative of how it was usually presented- in short, pithy statements rather than in lengthy essays, as is perhaps more typical of those commercially oriented rather than theoretically oriented. Note how some of the public virtues are now hitched to economic development and prosperity rather than to political liberty. Compare, for example, with the piece by The Tribune in q66. Swift's article appears in the issue of the Worcester Magazine (Massachusetts) published during the last week in June, q86. I. The first cause of a kingdom's flourishing is, the fruitfulness of the soil to produce the necessaries and conveniences of life, not only sufficient for the inhabitants but for exportation into other countries. II. The second cause is, the industry of the people in working up all their native commodities to the last degree of manufacture. III. The third is, the conveniency of safe ports, and havens, to carry out their own goods as much manufactured, and bring in those PolWritV1_651-710.indd 657 2/21/12 12:13 PM ( 6s7 J DEAN SWIFT of others as little manufactured as the nature of mutual commerce will allow. IV. The fourth is, that the natives should as much as possible, export and import their goods in vessels of their own timber, and made in their own country. V. The fifth is, a free trade with all sovereign countries which will permit them, except those who are at war with their own Prince or State. VI. The sixth is, by being governed by laws made with their own consent, for otherwise they are not a free people.-And therefore all appeals for justice, or applications for favour or preferment to another country, are so many grievious impoverishments. VII. The seventh is, by improvement of land, encouragement of agriculture, and thereby increasing the number of people, without which any country, however blessed by nature, must continue poor. VIII. The eighth is, the residence ofthe Prince or chiefadminister of the civil power. IX. The ninth is, the concourse of foreigners for education, curiosity, or pleasure, or as to a general mart of trade. X. The tenth is, by disposing of all offices of honour, profit, or trust, only to natives, or at least with very few exceptions, where strangers have long inhabited the country, and are supposed to understand and regard the interest of it as their own. XI. The eleventh is, when the rents of lands and profits of employment are spent in the country which produced them, and not in another, the former of which will certainly happen where the love of our native country prevails. XII. The twelfth is, by the publick revenues being all spent and employed at home except on the occasion of a foreign war. XIII. The thirteenth is, where the people are not obliged, unless they find it for their own interest or conveniency to receive any monies except of their own coinage, by a publick mint, after the manner of all civilized nations. XIV. The fourteenth is, a disposition of the people of a country to wear their own manufactures, and import as few incitements to luxury, either in cloths, furniture, food or drink, as they can live conveniently without. ...

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