An Inquiry into the Original of Our Ideas of Beauty and Virtue

Index

261 index This index uses modern American spelling. When necessary, proper names are listed both under their common modern spelling and under Hutcheson’s spelling . Published works not listed in the index may be found by checking the entry for their author. absolute beauty. See original or absolute beauty absolute government, 193 abstraction, 20 Achilles, 92n acquaintance, natural affection not founded on, 148–49 advantage. See self-interest Aegysthus (Aegisthus), 94 Aeneas, 92 Aeneid (Virgil), 11n, 92n Aeschylus, 94n aesthetics: animals, aesthetic sense of, 28, 46–47; animals, as beautiful in themselves, 32–34; association of ideas and, 62–63, 67–75; comparative or relative, 27–28, 42–45; custom, effects of, 70–72; definition of beauty, 23; design in cause reasoned from (see design, argument from); diversity of judgment regarding, 66–69, 168–69; education and instruction in, 10, 20, 66– 67, 72–74; by example, 74–75; final cause of, 78–81, 217n28; general /universal laws, operation of universe by, 58–59, 81–82; of grandeur , 40–41, 69; harmony, 23, 34– 35; of history, 65; Hutcheson’s theory of, xi–xii, 9–10; importance of, 76–78; as internal sense, 23–24, 66–67, 76–82; moral virtue and external beauty of persons, 167–71; natural origins of, 10, 20, 66–67; of novelty and surprise, 40–41, 69; original or absolute (see original or absolute beauty); perception of, 19–27; pleasure and pain derived from, 25, 61–63, 159–60; proportionate (see proportion, aesthetics of); self-interest, separateness from, 25–26; single principle, attempts to deduce knowledge from, 39–40; of theorems, 36–41, 72; uniformity with variety in, 28–30; universality of sense of beauty, 63–69; utilitarian theory of, 210–11n17; wisdom and prudence in cause reasoned from, 57–58 affections and passions as motive to virtuous actions, 101–15; concomitant pleasure, pursued from, 110– 12; country, affection for, 115; different types and moral status of, 239n82; disinterestedness of, 102–3, 106–8; happiness of others, plea- 262 index affections and passions as motive to virtuous actions (continued ) sure derived from, 227–29n30; hatred, 102–3, 105; malice, 102–3, 105–6, 119–20; parents and children , natural affection between, 112–13, 148–49; public affections, 114–15; religion, not grounded in, 108–10; volition, affections not raised by, 224–26n33. See also benevolence; love Agamemnon, 94n air, motion, and gestures, 167–70 Alciphron (Berkeley), 210–11n17 alienable rights, 186–87, 192–93 allegory, 43 ambition, 151 Amphion, 173, 174n animals: aesthetic sense of, 28, 46–47; association of ideas with, 62–63; beauty of, 32–34; children tormenting , 162; fowls, 34; perception of, 203n40; proportion in, 33–34; virtue, incapacity for, 254n19 Apollo, 92n approbation: benevolence as sole ground of, 137–38; false, 137–38; as particular moral sense, xvi; selfinterest not ground of, 93–94 architecture, xii, 8, 22, 23, 24, 25, 41, 62, 64–68, 72–74, 77, 79, 127, 210n17 Aristotle, xvn, 12n, 43, 208–9n43, 210n17, 243n148*, 244n163, 210– 211n17 art, works of, 41, 42, 44–45, 64, 77, 176 association of ideas, 62–63, 67–75 astronomical beauty, 30–31, 78 Athena, 106n Athenian Academy, 173 attempts at virtue, failure of, 189 axioms: aesthetics of, 37; degrees of virtue and vice, corollaries for comparing, 189–92; of moral evil, 130–32, 242n132; of moral good, 128–30 barbarians, low opinion of, 142 barbarous customs, travelers’ accounts of, 139–41 beauty. See aesthetics Beccaria, Cesare, 125n benevolence, 116–35; as act of will, xiv–xv; approbation, as sole ground of, 137–38; axioms for computing, 128–30, 240–41n101; in Christianity, xiv–xv, 230n33***; complex moral ideas derived from, 177; consequences of, 125–26; custom or education, not derived from, 99, 145–47; degrees of, 148; desire, defined by simple idea of, xiv–xv; different inclinations of, 192; different types of, 236–37n50; disposition toward, 127–28; esteem and complacence presupposed by, 104–5; final cause of, 104; God and (see under God); greatest happiness for greatest numbers as object of, 125; happiness and, xvii, 164–67, 227–29n30; importance of, 164– 67; moral good, as foundation of, xiii–xv, 116, 136–37; moral qualities of objects of, 124; between parents and children, 112–13, 148–49; partial , 126–27; perfect, 130; public, 114–15; self-interest and, 103–4, 107–8, 122–24, 132, 223–31n33; strength of attachment to objects of, 127, 191–92, 240n93, 256– 57n87, 257n91; universal agreement regarding, 136–37, 146–47; volition , not...