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In the turbulent years between passage of the Federal Reserve Act (1913) and the Bretton Woods Agreement (1945), the peoples of the Western world suffered two World Wars, two major and several minor international financial panics, an epidemic of currency devaluations and debt repudiations, civil wars, and revolutions. They also enjoyed a decade of unprecedented prosperity and a decade of unprecedented depression and deflation. They also saw the beginning of a period of prolonged, world-wide inflation.

No period in history could serve better as a case study for the analysis of applied economic policy. From his vantage point as economist for the Chase Manhattan Bank and editor of the Chase Economic Bulletin, who participated in much of what he records, Dr. Anderson here describes the climactic events of a turbulent era.

Arthur Kemp is Professor Emeritus of Economics at Claremont McKenna College.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
  2. p. 1
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  1. Title Page, Copyright
  2. pp. 2-5
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  1. Contents
  2. pp. 5-8
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  1. Foreword
  2. pp. 9-11
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  1. Preface
  2. pp. 13-15
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  1. PART I. WORLD WAR l
  2. pp. 19-21
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  1. 1. The Prewar World, 1913
  2. pp. 21-24
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  1. 2. The Outbreak of the War in 1914
  2. pp. 25-35
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  1. 3. The War Prosperity
  2. pp. 36-43
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  1. 4. Our War Economic Policy
  2. pp. 44-54
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  1. 5. The Federal Reserve System, 1914-18
  2. pp. 55-58
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  1. PART II. THE POSTWAR BOOM, CRISIS, AND REVIVAL, 1919-23
  2. pp. 59-61
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  1. 6. The Postwar Boom, 1919--20
  2. pp. 61-69
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  1. 7. The Causes of the Crisis of 1920
  2. pp. 70-79
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  1. 8. The Crisis--1920-21
  2. pp. 80-89
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  1. 9. The Rapid Revival--August 1921 to March 1923
  2. pp. 90-91
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  1. 10. The Government's Contribution to the Revival, 1921-23
  2. pp. 92-94
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  1. 11. The Money Market, 1920-23--Renewed Bank Expansion
  2. pp. 95-99
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  1. 12. Our Foreign Policy, 1919-24
  2. pp. 100-105
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  1. 13. Germany, 1918-24
  2. pp. 106-111
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  1. 14. France, 1918-24
  2. pp. 112-114
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  1. 15. The Dawes Plan
  2. pp. 115-121
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  1. Part III. THE FIRST PHASE OF THE NEW DEAL, 1924-32
  2. pp. 123-125
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  1. 16. Depression and Rally of 1924--The Beginning of the New Deal
  2. pp. 125-130
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  1. 17. Money, Bank Credit, and Capital
  2. pp. 131-143
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  1. 18. The Extent of Bank Expansion, 1922-28
  2. pp. 144-150
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  1. 19. The Causes of and the Responsibility for the Excess Reserves
  2. pp. 151-157
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  1. 20. Germany, 1924-28
  2. pp. 158-163
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  1. 21. France, 1925--26
  2. pp. 164-170
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  1. 22. Great Britain, 1925--27
  2. pp. 171-176
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  1. 23. The De Facto Stabilization of the Franc, and the Gold Exchange Standard
  2. pp. 177-181
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  1. 24. The Consequences of the Cheap Money Policy in the United States Down to the Summer of 1927
  2. pp. 182-187
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  1. 25. The Conference of Governors and the Intensification of Cheap Money, 1927
  2. pp. 188-191
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  1. 26. The Stock Market Boom, 1927-29
  2. pp. 192-202
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  1. 27. Mob Mind in 1928--29
  2. pp. 203-204
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  1. 28. The Effect on Europe of Tight Money in the United States in 1929
  2. pp. 205-208
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  1. 29. The "New Era " and the Precautions of the Commercial Banks in New York
  2. pp. 209-214
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  1. 30. The Stock Market Crash of 1929
  2. pp. 215-223
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  1. 31. The New Deal in 1929-30
  2. pp. 224-230
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  1. 32. Late 1930--Hitler Gains; Bank of United States Crashes
  2. pp. 231-234
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  1. 33. The Tragic Year--1931
  2. pp. 235-245
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  1. 34. 1931 Continued--England's Abandonment of the Gold Standard
  2. pp. 246-256
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  1. 35. The Year 1931 Continued--The First Foreign Run on the Gold of the United States
  2. pp. 257-267
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  1. 36. The Year 1932
  2. pp. 268-272
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  1. 37. The Upturn in the Summer of 1932--Five Favorable Developments
  2. pp. 273-276
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  1. 38. The Impact of Politics on the 1932 Revival
  2. pp. 277-284
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  1. 39. The Banking Holiday
  2. pp. 285-290
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  1. 40. The Intergovernmental Debts
  2. pp. 291-296
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  1. PART IV. THE NEW DEAL IN MATURITY, 1933--39
  2. pp. 297-299
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  1. 41. "My Father Also Chastised You with Whips, but I Will Chastise You with Scorpions"
  2. pp. 299-305
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  1. 42. The Reopening of the Banks
  2. pp. 306-307
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  1. 43. The Mortality Among Small Banks
  2. pp. 308-309
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  1. 44. Branch Banking Versus Unit Banking
  2. pp. 310-313
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  1. 45. Roosevelt's Abandonment of the Gold Standard
  2. pp. 314-318
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  1. 46. The Banking Act of 1933--Extreme Reform Bill, Not New Deal Measure
  2. pp. 319-323
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  1. 47. Contradictory Policies
  2. pp. 324-325
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  1. 48. The National Industrial Recovery Act
  2. pp. 325-327
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  1. 49. The London Economic Conference, 1933
  2. pp. 328-330
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  1. 50. The Strong Business Rally, March-July 1933--Turns Downward with NRA
  2. pp. 331-337
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  1. 51. More Money Magic--The Gold-Buying Program
  2. pp. 338-344
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  1. 52. The Gold Reserve Act of 1934
  2. pp. 345-348
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  1. 53. The Spending Program
  2. pp. 349-352
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  1. 54. The Silver Legislation of 1934
  2. pp. 353-356
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  1. 55. Government Confusion, Government Hostility, and Private Enterprise
  2. pp. 357-358
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  1. 56. Supreme Court Decision on Gold Clauses, February 1935
  2. pp. 359-360
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  1. 57. First Successful Resistance to New Deal--Banking Act of 1935
  2. pp. 361-364
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  1. 58. Taxation Under the New Deal--The Redistribution of Wealth
  2. pp. 365-371
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  1. 59. The Undistributed Profits Tax of 1936
  2. pp. 372-382
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  1. 60. Digression on Keynes
  2. pp. 383-400
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  1. 61. Gold, Excess Reserves, and Money Rates, 1934-41
  2. pp. 401-406
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  1. 62. Gold Remains Standard of Value
  2. pp. 407-409
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  1. 63. The British Equalization Account, the American Stabilization Fund, and the American Sterilization Fund
  2. pp. 410-413
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  1. 64. The Tyranny of Gold
  2. pp. 414-418
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  1. 65. Governmental Coercion and the Value of Money
  2. pp. 419-424
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  1. 66. The Business Rally of 1935-37 and the Major Crisis of 1937
  2. pp. 425-431
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  1. 67. The Causes of the Crisis of 1937
  2. pp. 432-438
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  1. 68. The Stock Market Crash of 1937--A Major Cause of Business Crisis
  2. pp. 439-448
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  1. 69. A Verdict on the SEC
  2. pp. 449-456
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  1. 70. The Severe Depression, 1937-38, and the Mild Rally, 1938-39
  2. pp. 457-459
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  1. 71. The Turn in the Political Tide, 1938
  2. pp. 460-462
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  1. 72. International Political Relations in the Decade of the Thirties
  2. pp. 463-474
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  1. 73. The Effect of Government Economic Planning upon Employment and the Utilization of Our National Productive Powers
  2. pp. 475-482
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  1. 74. Alternative Explanations of the Great Depression of 1930-39
  2. pp. 483-499
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  1. PART V. WORLD WAR II
  2. pp. 501-503
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  1. 75. The Outbreak of World War II
  2. pp. 503-506
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  1. 76. Our War Economic Policy
  2. pp. 507-516
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  1. 77. War Taxation and Expenditures
  2. pp. 517-526
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  1. 78. Government Borrowing in World War II
  2. pp. 527-543
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  1. 79. Price Fixing in World War II
  2. pp. 544-548
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  1. 80. Government Versus Private Financing of War Production in World War II
  2. pp. 549-556
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  1. 81. Lend-Lease, Bretton Woods, and the British Loan--England's Postwar Position
  2. pp. 557-577
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  1. Index
  2. pp. 579-595
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  1. Production Notes
  2. pp. 596-601
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