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This volume brings together a broad range of key writings from the Black Arts Movement of the 1960s and 1970s, among the most significant cultural movements in American history. The aesthetic counterpart of the Black Power movement, it burst onto the scene in the form of artists' circles, writers' workshops, drama groups, dance troupes, new publishing ventures, bookstores, and cultural centers and had a presence in practically every community and college campus with an appreciable African American population. Black Arts activists extended its reach even further through magazines such as Ebony and Jet, on television shows such as Soul! and Like It Is, and on radio programs.

Many of the movement's leading artists, including Ed Bullins, Nikki Giovanni, Woodie King, Haki Madhubuti, Sonia Sanchez, Askia Touré, and Val Gray Ward remain artistically productive today. Its influence can also be seen in the work of later artists, from the writers Toni Morrison, John Edgar Wideman, and August Wilson to actors Avery Brooks, Danny Glover, and Samuel L. Jackson, to hip hop artists Mos Def, Talib Kweli, and Chuck D.

SOS—Calling All Black People includes works of fiction, poetry, and drama in addition to critical writings on issues of politics, aesthetics, and gender. It covers topics ranging from the legacy of Malcolm X and the impact of John Coltrane's jazz to the tenets of the Black Panther Party and the music of Motown. The editors have provided a substantial introduction outlining the nature, history, and legacy of the Black Arts Movement as well as the principles by which the anthology was assembled.

Table of Contents

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  1. Cover
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  1. Title Page, Copyright, In Memoriam, Dedication
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  1. Contents
  2. pp. xi-xxii
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  1. Editors’ Introduction
  2. John H. Bracey Jr., Sonia Sanchez, James Smethurst
  3. pp. 1-10
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  1. The Black Arts Movement
  2. Amiri Baraka
  3. pp. 11-20
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  1. Section I. Theory / Criticism
  1. Introduction to Theory / Criticism
  2. A. B. Spellman
  3. pp. 23-24
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  1. Poetry and Black Liberation: Freedom’s Furious Passions (Reminiscence)
  2. Askia M. Touré
  3. pp. 25-30
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  1. DA-DUM-DUN: A BAM Triumvirate of Conch / Us / Nest: Miles Davis, Henry Dumas & Katherine Dunham in East St. Louis,Illinois (Reminiscence)
  2. Eugene B . Redmond
  3. pp. 31-36
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  1. 1. Politics and Culture
  1. The Harlem Black Arts Theater—New Dialogue with the Lost Black Generation
  2. Harold Cruse
  3. pp. 39-45
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  1. Symposium: The Measure and the Meaning of Sixties
  2. Carolyn Gerald
  3. pp. 46-50
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  1. Black Cultural Nationalism
  2. Ron (Maulana) Karenga
  3. pp. 51-54
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  1. The Black Arts Movement
  2. Larry Neal
  3. pp. 55-66
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  1. Broadside Press: A Personal Chronicle
  2. Dudley Randall
  3. pp. 67-73
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  1. On the Boycott
  2. Ed Spriggs
  3. pp. 74-76
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  1. The Development of the Black Revolutionary Artist
  2. James T. Stewart
  3. pp. 77-81
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  1. Needed: A New Image
  2. Barbara Ann Teer
  3. pp. 82-85
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  1. Keep on Pushin’: Rhythm & Blues as a Weapon
  2. Rolland Snellings (Askia Touré)
  3. pp. 86-90
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  1. 2. Gender
  1. Preface to the Black Woman
  2. Toni Cade (Bambara)
  3. pp. 93-96
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  1. The Negro Woman in American Literature
  2. Alice Childress, Paule Marshall, Sarah E. Wright
  3. pp. 97-102
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  1. Lorraine Hansberry: On Time!
  2. John Oliver Killens
  3. pp. 103-105
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  1. Who Will Revere the Black Woman?
  2. Abbey Lincoln
  3. pp. 106-109
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  1. Black Men vs. Black Women
  2. Louise Moore
  3. pp. 110-111
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  1. New Fashions for Afro-American Women
  2. Evelyn Rodgers
  3. pp. 112-113
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  1. Queens of the Universe
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 114-120
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  1. 3. Aesthetics / Poetics
  1. The Changing Same (R&B and New Black Music)
  2. LeRoi Jones (Amiri Baraka)
  3. pp. 123-131
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  1. If Black English isn’t a Language, Then Tell Me, What is?
  2. James Baldwin
  3. pp. 132-134
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  1. As Crinkly as Yours
  2. L. Eldridge Cleaver
  3. pp. 135-144
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  1. Tripping with Black Writing
  2. Sarah Webster Fabio
  3. pp. 145-150
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  1. Towards a Black Aesthetic
  2. Hoyt W. Fuller
  3. pp. 151-156
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  1. Cultural Strangulation: Black Literature and the White Aesthetic
  2. Addison Gayle Jr.
  3. pp. 157-161
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  1. The Question of form and Judgement in Contemporary Black American Poetry: 1962–1977
  2. Stephen E. Henderson
  3. pp. 162-178
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  1. What Good is the Word without the Wisdom? or “English Ain’t Relevant”
  2. David Llorens
  3. pp. 179-184
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  1. Excerpts from Black World Interview
  2. Max Roach
  3. pp. 185-187
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  1. Black Poetry—Where It’s at
  2. Carolyn M. Rodgers
  3. pp. 188-198
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  1. Section II. Statements of Purpose: Groups and Journals
  1. Introduction to the Documents
  2. pp. 201-202
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  1. The Asian-African Conference, Final Communique: Cultural Cooperation
  2. pp. 203-204
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  1. Black Panther Party, Platform and Program
  2. pp. 205-206
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  1. Black World, Editor’s Notes
  2. p. 207
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  1. SUDAN, The History of SUDAN (In Texas?)
  2. pp. 208-209
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  1. The Institute of the Black World, Statement of Purpose and Program
  2. pp. 210-212
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  1. Liberation Committee for Africa, Statement of Aims and What Africa Means to Americans
  2. pp. 213-214
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  1. NKOMBO, Food for Thought
  2. pp. 215-217
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  1. Elijah Muhammad, “What Do the Muslims Want?”
  2. pp. 218-219
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  1. Organization of Afro-American Unity, Statement of Basic Aims and Objectives: Culture
  2. p. 220
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  1. OBAC [Organization of Black American Culture], Statement of Purposes
  2. p. 221
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  1. Rhythm, Statement of Purpose
  2. p. 222
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  1. Soulbook, To the Peoples of Afroamerica, Africa, and to all the Peoples of the World
  2. pp. 223-224
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  1. Southern Black Cultural Alliance, By-Laws
  2. pp. 225-226
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  1. Third World Press, A Statement of Purpose
  2. p. 227
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  1. Max Stanford (Muhammad Ahmad), Towards Revolutionary Action Movement Manifesto
  2. pp. 228-231
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  1. Umbra, Foreword to Issue 1.1
  2. pp. 232-233
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  1. Larry Neal [Atlanta C.A.P. Creativity Workshop], Resolutions
  2. pp. 234-240
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  1. Section III. Poetry
  1. The Poetry of BAM: Meditation, Critique, Praise
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 243-253
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  1. Storm Coming: Memoir and History (Reminiscence)
  2. Haki Madhubuti
  3. pp. 254-262
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  1. 1. Consciousness
  1. Upon Being Black One Friday Night in July
  2. Jewel C. Latimore (Johari Amini)
  3. pp. 265-266
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  1. What Shall We Tell My Children Who are Black
  2. Margaret Burroughs
  3. pp. 267-268
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  1. Black People!
  2. LeRoi Jones (Amiri Baraka)
  3. p. 269
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  1. The Life of Lincoln West
  2. Gwendolyn Brooks
  3. pp. 270-273
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  1. Black jam for dr. negro
  2. Mari Evans
  3. pp. 274-275
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  1. Sister Brother
  2. Joe Goncalves
  3. p. 276
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  1. A Father Tells His Son About the Statue of Liberty
  2. Bobb Hamilton
  3. pp. 277-278
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  1. Jitterbugging in the Streets
  2. Calvin C . Hernton
  3. pp. 279-282
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  1. The Revolution Will Not Be Televised
  2. Gil Scott-Heron
  3. pp. 283-285
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  1. Niggers R Scared of Revolution
  2. Abiodun Oyewole, Umar Bin Hassan, Kim Green
  3. pp. 286-288
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  1. But He Was Cool
  2. Don L. Lee (Haki Madhubuti)
  3. pp. 289-290
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  1. Personal Jihad
  2. Gaston Neal
  3. pp. 291-292
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  1. Barbequed Cong: Or We Laid My Lai Low
  2. Eugene Redmond
  3. pp. 293-294
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  1. how i got ovah
  2. Carolyn M. Rodgers
  3. p. 295
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  1. summary
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 296-297
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  1. tomorrow the heroes
  2. A. B. Spellman
  3. p. 298
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  1. “Black Power!”
  2. Edward S. Spriggs
  3. p. 299
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  1. Twelve Gates
  2. Lorenzo Thomas
  3. p. 300
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  1. Cry Freedom
  2. Rolland Snellings
  3. pp. 301-306
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  1. 2. Malcolm
  1. Eulogy for Malcolm X
  2. Ossie Davis
  3. pp. 309-310
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  1. A Poem for Black Hearts
  2. LeRoi Jones (Amiri Baraka)
  3. p. 311
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  1. Malcolm X
  2. Gwendolyn Brooks
  3. p. 312
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  1. Portrait of Malcolm X
  2. Etheridge Knight
  3. p. 313
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  1. That Old Time Religion
  2. Marvin E. Jackmon (Marin X)
  3. p. 314
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  1. Malcolm X—An Autobiography
  2. Larry Neal
  3. pp. 315-316
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  1. Malcolm
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 317-318
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  1. For Malcolm Who Walks in the Eyes of Our Children
  2. Quincy Troupe
  3. pp. 319-320
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  1. For Malcolm X
  2. Margaret Walker
  3. p. 321
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  1. A Plea for the Politic Man
  2. Jay Wright
  3. pp. 322-324
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  1. 3. Coltrane and Jazz
  1. How Long has This Trane Been Gone
  2. Jayne Cortez
  3. pp. 327-329
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  1. Legacy: In Memory of ’Trane
  2. Ebon Dooley
  3. pp. 330-331
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  1. Tribute to Duke
  2. Sarah Webster Fabio
  3. pp. 332-335
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  1. Elvin Jones Gretsch Freak
  2. David Henderson
  3. pp. 336-339
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  1. Don’t Cry, Scream
  2. Don L. Lee (Haki Madhubuti)
  3. pp. 340-343
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  1. The Coming of John
  2. Amus Mor
  3. pp. 344-348
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  1. Don’t Say Goodbye to the Pork-Pie Hat
  2. Larry Neal
  3. pp. 349-352
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  1. Conversions
  2. Sterling Plumpp
  3. pp. 353-354
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  1. Transcendental Blues
  2. Yusuf Rahman
  3. pp. 355-358
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  1. Written for Love of an Ascension-Coltrane
  2. Carolyn Rodgers
  3. pp. 359-360
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  1. a/coltrane /poem
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 361-364
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  1. on seeing pharaoh sanders blowing
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 365-366
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  1. Did John’s Music Kill Him?
  2. A. B. Spellman
  3. pp. 367-368
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  1. 4. Africa
  1. African Night Suite
  2. Jayne Cortez
  3. pp. 371-373
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  1. The Painted Lady
  2. Margaret Danner
  3. p. 374
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  1. Africa I; Africa II
  2. Nikki Giovanni
  3. pp. 375-376
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  1. Lumumba Lives Lumumba Lives!!
  2. Ted Joans
  3. p. 377
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  1. My Name is Afrika
  2. Keorapetse Kgositsile
  3. p. 378
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  1. Ancestors
  2. Dudley Randall
  3. p. 379
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  1. I am a Cowboy in the Boat of Ra
  2. Ishmael Reed
  3. pp. 380-381
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  1. Earth
  2. Rolland Snellings (Askia Touré )
  3. p. 382
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  1. 5. Women
  1. For Gwendolyn Brooks—A Whole & Beautiful Spirit
  2. Jewel C. Latimore (Johari Amini )
  3. p. 385
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  1. I Am a Black Woman
  2. Mari Evans
  3. pp. 386-387
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  1. Woman Poem
  2. Nikki Giovanni
  3. pp. 388-389
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  1. Woman
  2. Gloria Larry House
  3. p. 390
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  1. If you saw a Negro Lady
  2. June Jordan
  3. pp. 391-392
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  1. Naturally
  2. Audre Lorde
  3. p. 393
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  1. Cadence
  2. K. Curtis Lyle
  3. pp. 394-395
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  1. blackwoman
  2. Don L. Lee (Haki Madhubuti)
  3. p. 396
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  1. The Last M.F.
  2. Carolyn Rodgers
  3. p. 397
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  1. woman
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. p. 398
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  1. 6. Heritage
  1. Promenade
  2. Sam Cornish
  3. p. 401
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  1. Lynch Fragment
  2. Jayne Cortez
  3. p. 402
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  1. Urban Dream
  2. Victor Hernandez Cruz
  3. pp. 403-404
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  1. Return to English Turn
  2. Tom Dent
  3. pp. 405-410
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  1. The Music
  2. Everett Hoagland
  3. pp. 411-412
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  1. The Idea of Ancestry
  2. Etheridge Knight
  3. pp. 413-414
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  1. Ballad of Birmingham
  2. Dudley Randall
  3. pp. 415-416
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  1. Rivers of Bones and Flesh and Blood
  2. Eugene Redmond
  3. pp. 417-418
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  1. Sunset Beach / L.A.
  2. Ahmos Zu-Bolton
  3. pp. 419-420
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  1. 7. Songs
  1. Say It Loud—I’m Black and I’m Proud
  2. James Brown
  3. p. 423
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  1. Afro Blue
  2. Oscar Brown Jr.
  3. pp. 424-425
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  1. What’s Goin’ On
  2. Marvin Gaye
  3. p. 426
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  1. Keep on Pushin’
  2. Curt is Mayfield
  3. p. 427
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  1. To Be Young, Gifted, and Black
  2. Weldon J. Irvine Jr.
  3. p. 428
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  1. War
  2. Norman Whitfield, Barrett Strong
  3. pp. 429-430
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  1. Section IV. Drama
  1. The Kuumba Theatre: A Radical Idea Comes to Life (Reminiscence)
  2. Val Ward, Francis Ward
  3. pp. 433-438
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  1. Living in the Black Arts Movement (Reminiscence)
  2. Aishah Rahman
  3. pp. 439-442
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  1. A Black Mass
  2. LeRoi Jones (Amiri Baraka)
  3. pp. 443-450
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  1. Clara’s Ole Man
  2. Ed Bullins
  3. pp. 451-464
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  1. Prayer Meeting or, The First Militant Preacher
  2. Ben Caldwell
  3. pp. 465-467
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  1. Wine in the Wilderness
  2. Alice Childress
  3. pp. 468-491
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  1. The Suicide
  2. Carol Freeman
  3. pp. 492-495
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  1. Flowers for the Trashman
  2. Marvin E. Jackmon ( Marvin X )
  3. pp. 496-506
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  1. The Monster
  2. Ronald Milner
  3. pp. 507-519
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  1. The Bronx is Next
  2. Sonia Sanchez
  3. pp. 520-526
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  1. Section V. Fiction / Narrative
  1. Black Arts Fiction: An Introduction
  2. Eleanor W. Traylor
  3. pp. 529-542
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  1. The Organizer’s Wife
  2. Toni Cade Bambara
  3. pp. 543-553
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  1. Harlem
  2. Henry Dumas
  3. pp. 554-561
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  1. A Love Song for Seven Little Boys Called; Sam
  2. C. H . Fuller Jr.
  3. pp. 562-568
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  1. Sonny’s Seasons
  2. Sam Greenlee
  3. pp. 569-573
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  1. Reena
  2. Paule Marshall
  3. pp. 574-586
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  1. A Happening in Barbados
  2. Louise Meriwether
  3. pp. 587-593
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  1. Excerpt from The Bluest Eye
  2. Toni Morrison
  3. pp. 594-604
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  1. Cab Calloway Stands in for the Moon
  2. Ishmael Reed
  3. pp. 605-614
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  1. Frankie Mae
  2. Jean Wheeler Smith
  3. pp. 615-623
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  1. The King Alfred Plan
  2. John A. Williams
  3. pp. 624-634
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  1. Afterwords
  1. The Hip Hop Vision: Password: Nation Conscious Rap
  2. James G. Spady
  3. pp. 637-649
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  1. Coming from a Black Thing: Remembering the Black Arts Movement
  2. John H. Bracey Jr.
  3. pp. 650-655
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  1. Learning from the 60s
  2. Audre Lorde
  3. pp. 656-662
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  1. Selected Bibliography
  2. pp. 663-667
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  1. Back Cover
  2. p. 668
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