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307 index Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. agriculture: agricultural landscapes, 128–29; farmer as natural history student, 63, 65; farm land in Chicago area park plan, 257; forests displaced by farm land, 128, 260; fundamental nature of farming, 56; landscape to the farmer, 126; natural boundaries of fields, 153; Shelford on importance of natural areas to biology and, 80–81; soil changed by, 279 Allegheny Mountains, 30–31 Alliance for Childhood, 289 American Civic Association, 21, 24, 207 American Forestry Association, 276 “American Garden, An” (McFarland), 165–70 “American Hawthorns, The” (Sargent and Stiles), 83, 99–102 American League for Civic Improvement, 24 American Park and Outdoor Art Association, 24, 163 American Plants for American Gardens (Roberts and Rehmann), 20, 108, 141, 158, 159 American Society of Landscape Architects, 163 ”American Trees for America” (Sargent and Stiles), 88–90 Amherst (Massachusetts), 141 Ann Arbor: early landscape of, 294; Nichols Arboretum, 16, 135, 288, 294; old field in juniper prairie, 143 annular-clonal group, 147 “Appreciation of Natural Beauty” (Simonds), 24, 44–47 aquatic preserves, Pearse on value to fisheries of, 76–77 arboreta: Morton Arboretum, Illinois, 16, 21; Nichols Arboretum, Ann Arbor, 16, 135, 288, 294; University of Wisconsin Arboretum, 17, 207, 277–86 architectural planting, 130 Argyle, Duke of, 211 Arnold, Matthew, 60 art: painting compared with landscape gardening, 155, 191; Whitcomb on value of natural areas to, 67–69 Ashe, William Willard: as contributor to A Naturalist’s Guide to the Americas, 25; “The Value to Silviculture of Reserved Areas of Natural Forest,” 73–75 Audubon International, 292 Aust, Franz, 5 Austin, Mary, 67 axes in nature and design, 131–32, 137–38 Bacon, Francis, 165 Bailey, Liberty Hyde, 18–19; Cyclopedia of Horticulture, 89; as Garden and Forest contributor, 15; The Holy Earth, 19, 21; Leopold influenced by, 21; Miller as assistant to, 16; mindset change sought by, 294; The Nature-Study Idea, 19; The Outlook to Nature, 18, 19, 24–25, 51–66, 287 balance, 122, 130, 131, 132, 136, 137, 138 Barnard, Charles, 15–16 308 indEx Bartram, John, 165 Bartram, William, 11 Beal, William J., 18 Bierstadt, Albert, 23 “Big Lie, The: The Human Restoration of Nature” (Katz), 291 Biltmore Estate (Asheville, North Carolina), 74, 163, 166, 205 biology: Shelford on importance of natural areas to agriculture and, 80–81. See also ecology bogs: bog gardens, 171–75; in Chicago area, 255 Booth, Sherman, 116–17 Boston: Franklin Park, 14; Sleepy Hollow Cemetery, 14; winds and vegetation of, 219. See also Metropolitan Reservations (Boston) “Botany of the New England Poets, The” (Stevens), 67 Bringing Nature Home: How Native Plants Sustain Wildlife in Our Gardens (Tallamy), 293 Brown, Lancelot “Old Capability,” 120 Bryant, William Cullen, 12, 23, 67 Buckham, James, 61 Burroughs, John, 156 bushy-pasture-type vegetation, 243 Busson-Descars, Pierre, 221 Buttermilk Falls (Ithaca, New York), 68 California: American trees for America, 89; Shinn on wild gardens of the Sierra, 94–96 Calumet District (Illinois), 251–52, 255–56, 258 Caparn, Harold, 108; and regional scale of conservation, 294; “Thoughts on Planting Composition,” 108, 130–39 Cape Cod (Thoreau), 68 carpet bedding, 207 Catlin, George, 11 Catskill Mountains, 30, 31 Cedars of Lebanon State Park (Tennessee), 144 Certified Wildlife Habitat program (National Wildlife Federation), 292 Charlottesville (Virginia), 143 Chicago: Calumet District, 251–52, 255–56, 258; Cleveland’s projects near, 14; Cliff Dwellers club, 179; Columbus Park, 18, 132, 164, 190, 191–92; Garfield Park, 186, 188–90; geologic formations in and around, 251; Graceland Cemetery, 14, 16, 117; history of park system, 186–87; Humboldt Park, 118, 164, 181, 186, 188, 189, 191; Indiana Dunes near, 265–66; interest in native plants at turn of century, 16–17; Lincoln Park, 117, 250; Native Seed Garden Project, 292; report from landscape architect on acquisition of forest park areas, 250–58; Rosenwald home, 196; Special Park Commission, 17, 206; Union Park, 17, 186, 188; winds and fruit-growing in, 219, 220; World’s Columbian Exposition, 13, 116, 163, 187 Chicago Playground Association, 18 children: Cleveland on influence of parks on, 48–50; connecting to nature, 289–90; emphasizing the youthful life, 53–54; exercises for teaching them about landscapes, 129; gardening for preserving love of nature in, 42–43; “nature-deficit disorder” in, 10, 289, 290 Church, Frederic Edwin, 11, 23 City Beautiful movement, 24, 187 Clark, William, 11 Clayton, Virginia Tuttle, 15 clearing undergrowth, 45, 172, 244, 253, 260–61 Clement, Fred E., 159 Cleveland, Horace William Shaler: Culture and Management...

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