Passamaquoddy Ceremonial Songs: Aesthetics and Survival

Index

251 Index ❖ Page numbers in italics refer to illustrations. “Abenaki” (term), 2, 219 Abenaki people, 2, 48–49, 50, 122, 175, 222; and Calumet ceremony, 122, 123; and Europeans, 4, 5, 44, 113, 122; musical instruments of, 68, 72–73; in St. Francis, Quebec, 24, 50, 102–3, 134, 135, 183; songs and dances of, 48, 52, 58, 102–3, 109, 113, 134, 135, 156; in Wabanaki Confederacy, 3, 15, 24, 156 adaptation, xiv–xv, 16, 59, 171, 172–73, 183; in Indian Day presentations, 14, 99, 145, 149, 172, 184–89; intertribal, 60–61, 62–64, 185– 86, 189; and language flexibility, 181–82; of song words, 59, 60–61, 141–42, 151, 154, 176. See also extemporization “aesthetic” (term), 19–20, 224n35 Aitteon, John, 94, 137 Akagi, Hugh, 114 alcoholism, 88. See also liquor Alger, Abby, 46 Algonquian language group, 4 Almouchiquois people, 4, 5, 31, 221n9 American Indian Movement, 12, 68 Anishena’abeg. See Ojibwa people anthropologists, 4, 16, 20, 47, 83, 100, 222n15, 229nn6,9. See also specific individuals antiphony, 56–57, 58, 65, 150–51, 165, 167; defined, 227n7 Argall, Captain Samuel, 38 Arundell, Lord Thomas, 30 Axtell, James, 17 baseball, 84 Bedagi “Big Thunder” (Frank Loring), 51, 133 Benedict, Ruth, 183, 224n37 Bessabez (Bashaba), 30, 121, 229n8 Biard, Father Pierre, 32, 38–39, 72, 73–74, 98, 226n20 birchbark, 72, 83 Bisonette, John, 78 Blakeslee, Donald, 123 Boas, Franz, 48 Bock, Philip, 181 border, U.S.-Canada, 1, 15, 44, 177–78 Bourdieu, Pierre, 17, 20, 21, 184 Bourque, Bruce, 2, 8, 27, 32, 221–2n9, 222n11 Brasser, Theodore, 27, 28 Brooks, Alma, 83 Brooks, Deborah, 111 Brown, Ian W., 123 Brown, Mrs. W. Wallace, 45–46, 139, 142, 143, 225n6; dance descriptions by, 57, 58, 71–72, 135, 139–40, 143, 155, 160, 161 Bruchac family, 113 Burlin, Natalie. See Curtis, Natalie Burlin Cabot, John, 27 cadences, 57 Cadman, Charles Wakefield, 69 Calumet pipe, 117–19 Canoe Dance, 64 Capuchin Fathers, 40 Carlisle Indian School, 71, 170 Cartier, Jacques, 28, 97 Caskin, Father John, 140 I N D E X 252 Catholic Church, 11–12, 25, 34, 148, 234n4. See also Catholic missionaries; Catholic priests Catholic missionaries, 9–11, 36–42; ethnographic observations by, 8, 36–39, 40, 41, 44–45, 72–74, 82, 122, 132; rivalries among, 37, 38. See also specific orders Catholic priests, x–xiii, 9, 11, 12, 44, 140–41, 147, 176; references to, in Wampum Records, 100, 116. See also Catholic missionaries Ceremonial Day. See Sipayik Indian Days Champlain, Samuel de, 30–31, 32, 97–98, 121, 143, 183, 221n9 Cherokee people, 164, 188 Cheverus, John, 11 children’s Drum groups, 91, 92 children’s songs, 175 Christianity, 16, 223n29; adoption of, 9, 12; Catholic-Protestant schism in, 37, 39–40, 41–42. See also Catholic Church; Catholic priests; missionaries colonies, European, 31–32, 35; wars between, 5, 10–11, 39–40, 41, 42–44. See also missionaries contrafacta, 178–79 Corte-Real, Gaspar, 27 Coyne, Rob, 79–81 cultural continuity, 14, 24, 69–70, 140, 144; wampum protocols and, 3–4, 14, 24–25; welcoming ceremonies and, 95, 98, 103, 112–13. See also adaptation; transmission “culture” (term), 20 Curtis, Natalie Burlin, 50, 110, 228n12, 232nn12,15; The Indians’Book edited by, 50–51, 62, 109, 110, 133–34, 228n12, 232n15 Dana, Andrew, 150, 167, 235n17 Dana, Francis Joseph, 51, 110 Dana, Peter, 143, 202 Dance Drum, 68, 73, 78–79, 167 women and, 79, 91 dance songs, generic, 58, 177–79 Dawnland Singers, 113 Death songs, 126, 132 Deloria, Vine, 16 Demillier, Louis, 45 Denys, Nicholas, 35–36, 72, 229n3 Diamond, Beverly, 175 diseases, 5 dogs, 133 Dore, Cliv, 81, 141 Douglas, Mary, 89, 230n18 Drake, James, 6 Druillettes, Father Gabriel, 40, 73 Drum groups, 76, 108, 141, 142, 159, 236n3; and gender roles, 70, 77, 79, 90–92, 143, 230n21; recordings by, 52, 60–61; and Round Dance, 169–70; at Sipayik, 79, 92, 230n21; value of, for young people, 70, 92 drumming, 62, 68–69, 70–72; and healing, 92; and intertribal powwow culture, 68, 69, 73, 76, 77, 78–79, 91, 142; shamanic, 73–76; women and, 13, 77, 79, 84, 88, 89, 90–92, 94, 143, 185–86 “drumming” (term), 71 drums, 70–71, 72–73; making of, 79–82; types of, 61, 67, 68, 69, 76–79, 93. See also Drum groups; drumming Duffy, Patrick, 188 Duggan, Betty, 188 Eastport, Maine, 1, 44 Eckstorm, Fannie Hardy, 26, 48–49, 65, 94...