Cornelia James Cannon and the Future American Race

Notes

• 233 • notes Introduction 1. Marian Cannon Schlesinger, Snatched from Oblivion: A Cambridge Memoir (Cambridge, Mass.: Gale Hill Books, 1979), 123. 2. Constance Russell, “New Boston Road: Here and There since 1907” (1979), unpublished manuscript, CJCP, 37. 3. Schlesinger, Snatched, 124. 4. Cited ibid. 5. See CJC to FHJ, 11 September 1923, CJCP. 6. Morris Dickstein, “Introduction: Pragmatism Then and Now,” in The Revival of Pragmatism: New Essays on Social Thought, Law, and Culture, ed. Dickstein (Durham: Duke University Press, 1998), 7. 7. Charlene Haddock Seigfried, Pragmatism and Feminism: Reweaving the Social Fabric (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1996), 263. 8. Or, as an alternative, an actress—a dream discouraged by her kin and consequently discarded. See chapter 3. 9. The Cornelia James Cannon Papers consist of four clearly defined segments. Material documenting her birth control activities is in the Sophia Smith Collection at Smith College, Northampton, Mass. A large segment of her public records, and especially those documenting her relationship of more than seventy years with Radcliffe College, are in the Cannon Family Papers, Schlesinger Library, Radcliffe Institute for Advanced Study, Harvard University, as are most of her private records , including family letters, diaries, and unpublished manuscripts (CJCP). Her correspondence with her husband is in the Walter B. Cannon Papers (WBCP), held by the Harvard Medical Library in the Francis A. Countway Library of Medicine. Some personal material, especially manuscripts of unpublished texts, scrapbooks, and photos, are in the possession of Marian Cannon Schlesinger (CJCP/MCS). All otherwise uncited quotations are from these sources. 10. This was the formula Walter B. Cannon, according to his daughter Marian, used to describe his spouse’s approach to life. 11. CJC, “The New Leisure,” NAR (September–November 1926): 504. 12. Arthur M. Schlesinger Jr., A Life in the Twentieth Century: Innocent Beginnings, 1917–1950 (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 2000), 184. 13. Linda Cannon Burgess, “Observations of Cornelia and Walter Cannon” (1940), unpublished manuscript, CJCP/MCS, unpaginated. 234 • n o t e s t o p a g e s 4 – 8 14. Schlesinger, A Life, 184. 15. Marian Cannon Schlesinger to author, 9 October 2001. 16. See Donald J. Childs, Modernism and Eugenics: Woolf, Eliot, Yeats, and the Culture of Degeneration (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2001); Lois A. Cuddy and Claire M. Roche, eds., Evolution and Eugenics in American Literature and Culture, 1880–1940: Essays on Ideological Conflict and Complicity (Lewisburg , Pa.: Bucknell University Press, 2003); Daylanne K. English, Unnatural Selections: Eugenics in American Modernism and the Harlem Renaissance (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004). 17. See Lawrence Buell, New England Literary Culture: From Revolution through Renaissance (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1986), 294–303; Merrill Jensen, ed., Regionalism in America (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1951); Sylvia Mayer, Naturethik und Neuengland-Regionalliteratur (Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, 2004); Eric Sundquist, “Realism and Regionalism,” in Columbia Literary History of the United States, ed. Emory Elliott (New York: Columbia University Press, 1988), 501–24; Perry D. Westbrook, Acres of Flint: Writers of Rural New England, 1870–1900 (Washington, D.C.: Scarecrow Press, 1951). 18. See Deborah O’Keefe, Good Girl Messages: How Young Women Were Misled by Their Favorite Books (New York: Continuum, 2000). 19. Schlesinger, A Life, 181. 20. See, for example, WBC to CJC, 5 January 1918, WBCP, S IX B 165, bound volume of World War I letters, 323. 21. Angelique Richardson, Love and Eugenics in the Late Nineteenth Century: Rational Reproduction and the New Woman (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), 24. 22. Francis Galton, Inquiries into Human Faculty and Its Development (London: Macmillan, 1883), 25. 23. For this use of “race,” see Henry Louis Gates Jr., “Introduction: Writing ‘Race’ and the Difference It Makes,” in “Race,” Writing, and Difference, ed. Gates (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1985), 16; Abdul R. JanMohamed, “The Economy of Manichean Allegory: The Function of Racial Difference in Colonialist Literature,” ibid., 80; Robert J. Norrell, The House I Live In: Race in the American Century (New York: Oxford University Press, 2006). 24. Jürgen Heideking and Christof Mauch, Geschichte der USA (Tübingen: Narr Francke, 2006), 208–9; Barbara M. Solomon, Ancestors and Immigrants: A Changing New England Tradition, rev. ed. (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1959). 25. CJC to FHJ, 14 February 1923, CJCP. 26. See Hazel Carby, Reconstructing Womanhood: The Emergence of the AfroAmerican Novelist (New York: Oxford University Press, 1987); Jean Fagan Yellin, Women and Sisters: The Antislavery Feminists in American Culture (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989). 27. Cited in Maria I. Diedrich, Love...