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Ackermann, Manfred, 100–1n. 87 Action française, 137 Adenauer, Konrad, 188 Adler, Friedrich, 115–16, 135, 142n. 2, 145nn. 23 and 26 Adler, Victor, 115, 134 Agrarian League. See National Liberals Alemanni, 54 Alpine Slavs, 54 Alsace, 82, 86–87, 89, 106n. 134 Anderson, Benedict, 9–10 Andics, Hellmut, 25 Angerer, Thomas, 91n.5 anti-Prussianism: in Austria, 84, 117, 137–39; in Germany, 84, 118, 147n. 39 antisemitism, 139, 157n. 112, 158– 59n.126 Applegate, Celia, 143n.2, 147n.39 Ardelt, Rudolf, 154n.97 Armstrong, John, 12 Asch, Solomon, 162–64 Austerlitz, Friedrich, 135, 157n.109 Austria: Allied occupation of, 30, 35, 82, 120–21, 141, 189n.4; Counterreformation in, 56; de¤nition of, 54, 91n.7, 96–97n.55, 151–52n.73; eastern ties, 40–41, 78–81, 103n. 109, 118; economic conditions in, 31–43; ethnic minorities in, 122–23, 128; exclusion from Germany, 57, 68; founding of republic, 58, 126–27; historical outline, 53–58; national preferences in, 78–81, 102–3n.107; nature of, 55–56, 70, 76, 98n.73, 126–27; origins of, 54; party system in, 113; Protestantism in, 56, 61, 93n.26; and Sudeten Germans, 41, 64–65, 94n.37, 126–27 Austrian Freedom Front, 84 Austrianism: de¤nition of, 19n.6. See also Austro-nationalism Austrian Man, 72, 144n.15 Austrian national identity: and Austria’s demarcation from Germany, 65, 116–18, 121, 137–39, 141, 146n.30, 147n.36, 183; and Catholicism, 60, 158n.124; and Counterreformation, 4; development of, 34–35, 58, 65, 72–75, 95–96 n.49, 104–5n.122, 127, 189n.4; elite view of, 26; historiography of, 3–6, 75–77; and ideology , 132–42; and language, 145– 46n.28, 146n.30; nature of, 92– 93n.21, 98n.73, 116–18, 122, 124, 145–46n.28, 146n.30, 175, 187–88; and neutrality, 3, 35, 189n.4; in opinion polls, 167–75; and regional identities, 178–79n.34; and social partnership, 35; and World War II, 4, 27, 81–89, 104n.119, 104–5n.122; among young people, 124, 125, 184 Austrian nation-building: and democracy , 129–30, 133–40, 160n.132; in educational system, 124–32, 151nn. 70 and 71; and elites, 43, 48n.37, 111; and grand coalition, 2; and historiography , 2, 153n.91, 154nn.95 and 96, 182; international aspects of, 27–28, 30, 74–75, 82; judicial instruments of, 119–24, 132, 149n.56, 150n.64, 153n.91; nature of, 43, 161–62, 186–88; and public institutions , 2, 110–11, 119–32, 141, 142, 182–83; signi¤cance of, 1, 2, 18, 185–88; and social partnership, 2, 35; support for, 42, 113–14 Austrian People’s Party (ÖVP), 111, 117, 125, 143n.8. See also Conservatives Austro-German Popular League, 70 Austro-German relations: economic, 36–42, 49n.54, 121, 162; historical, 4, 20n.20, 53, 62–75, 92–93n.21, 93–94n.31, 127, 131, 150–51n.65; international aspects of, 27–28, 30, 45–46n.13, 58, 71, 119–21, 148nn. Index 222 Index Austro-German relations (continued) 46 and 48, 149n.56, 155–56n.107, 166; psychological, 4, 69–70, 79–81, 108–9n.146, 141, 142n.2, 162, 166– 75, 182–85, 187; and religion, 61 Austro-German union: and great powers , 58, 69, 97n.60, 119–21, 166; motivation for, 69–70, 128; and National Socialism, 58, 71, 84, 133; preparations for, 70–71; prohibition of, 69, 119–21, 166; support for, 68– 71, 116, 127, 128, 134, 166; in textbooks , 127–28 Austro-nationalism: in academia, 4–5, 53, 77; and Catholicism, 137–39, 158n.124; and Judaism, 139; ideology of, 59, 92n.16, 116–18, 136–40, 158n.124; origins of, 46n.14, 72–75, 81, 89–90, 127, 136–40; and Protestantism , 138–39; support for, 26, 35, 46n.14, 59, 72–75, 113–14, 136–42, 167–75, 183–85 Austro-Slavism, 68 automotive industry, 37 Babenbergs (dynasty), 54, 61 Bahm, Karl, 68 bandwagon effect, 162 baroque period, 60 Bauer, Otto, 7, 114, 135, 144n.15, 156n.108, 157n.112, 159n.131 Bauer, Wilhelm, 153n.91 Bavaria, 36, 37, 54, 61, 62, 67, 80 Belgium, 35, 87 Benedikt, Moritz, 135 Berg, Matthew, 20n.20 Berlin Conference, 46n.13 Bismarck, Otto von, 68, 139 Bluhm, William, 25–26 Bohemia, 56, 64, 68, 85, 94n.37, 126, 128 Böhm, Wilhelm, 62, 92n.16, 95–96 n.49 Botz, Gerhard, 5, 108n.146, 160n.132, 175 Brandenburg-Prussia. See Prussia Braunthal...