Army of Francis Joseph

Index

Index Unless otherwise indicated, all entries for individuals, military personnel and organizations, weapons, and materiel refer to the Habsburg, Austrian, or Austro -Hungarian armed forces. Academic Legion (Vienna), 23 Adelsberg, 203 Adjutant general, first. See Crenneville-Poutet, Griinne Adjutanten Corps: establishment of and duties, 41; merger with General StaffCorps, 60 Adler, Dr. Viktor, Austrian socialist leader, 217 Adrianople, Turkish fortress, 167 Adriatic: Italy opposes Serb outlet on, 167; mentioned, 91, 98,124,187 Adua, battle of(1896), 123 Aehrenthal, Alois Lexa Count, Austro-Hungarian foreign minister: appointment of, 140; policy goals, 140, 154; conflict with Conrad, 142, 152, 156, 162-63; his appraisal ofItalian intentions, 152; on Russian aims in Balkans, 153-154, 162; and the annexation of BosniaHercegovina , 154; his opposition to war, 155, 163; opposes Francis Ferdinand's appointment as commander-in-chief, 155; denounced by Francis Ferdinand, 155, 161; favors shortening active duty tours for conscripts and military concessions to Hungary , 161; supported by Francis Joseph against Conrad, 163-164; death of, 164 Aegean, 91 Africa,88 Agram (Zagreb), 15,20,93,176,216 Airplanes: in Austro-Hungarian service, 175, 193, 205, 213; British, French, and Russian, 175 Air service, 142, 164, 165, 175, 193,205,213 Air superiority, 205 Air support: German during Caporetto operations , 207; at the Piave, 213 Albania: military advocate occupation of, 50; Austro-Hungarian policy towards, 94, 273 168-169; revolts against Turkish rule, 163, diplomatic and military crisis over, 167-169; Austro-Hungarian troops in, 191, 213-214, 220 Albert, King of Saxony, informed by Francis Joseph ofmilitary precautions, 116 Albertini, Luigi, Italian historian, quoted on Austro-Hungarian policy during Balkan Wars, 170 Albrecht, Archduke FML, FM: in Vienna 1848, 22-23; as commander Third Army, 51; mission to Berlin 1859, 52; proponent of dynastic army, 57, 74, 79--80, 144; distrusts military intellectuals, 62; commands Southern Army, 67, 69; appointed commander-inchief , 71-72; his final army order quoted, 72; denounces military concessions to Hungary, 76-77; favors continued dynastic control of army, 78-79; opposes ministerial control of army, 79--80; appointed inspector general, 79; quarrels with Kuhn, 79--80, 88--89; accused of absolutist leanings, 79--80; on Dalmatian insurrection, 86; schemes for Grenzer autonomy, 87; and alliance with France, 87--88; views on mobilization in 1870, 88--89; advocates Russian alliance, 93-94; on war with Russia, 96, 97, 115; distrusts Germany, 98, 113, 115; proponent of war against Italy, 99, 114; views on powers of general staff, 100; limited outlook retards reconstruction of army, 101, 112; on improving Austria-Hungary's military position , 106; critical of combat readiness of Landwehr-Honved, 108-109; opposes Beck's new corps dispositions, 110; concedes monarchy dependence on German support, 117; defends officer corps against 274 Albrecht (continued) German criticism, 118; distrusts Hungary, 120; opposes German nationalists in Austria . 121; in old age, 122; mentioned, 127, 187 Alexander of Battenberg: as prince of Bulgaria, 114; as Austro-Hungarian officer, 118 Alexander II, Tsar of Russia, and war with Turkey, 95, 96 Algeria, 17 Allerhochstes Armee Oberkommmando (1849), 40. See Armee Oberkommando Alliances and military conventions: against Napoleon , 7; with Prussia, 17,22,49,50; with Russia. 17, 35; with Bavaria, Saxony, and Wiirttemberg, 48; Dual Alliance, 104-105 and passim; with Rumania, 114, 123; with Ottoman Empire, 190; with Bulgaria, 191 Alpenkorps, German mountain division, 184 Alpini, Italian mountain troops, 188 Alps: Carnic, 187; Julian, 187,207; Carniolan, 207 and passim Alsace-Lorraine,212 Alsen, Danish island invaded by Prussians, 65 America, sale ofsurplus arms to, 58 Ammunition supply: inadequate in 1870s, 101, 102; in 1882, 104; in World War, 174, 181, 184,210,213 Amnesty, 204 Andrassy v. Csik-Szent Kinily u. KrasznaHorka , Julius Count, Hungarian prime minister , Austro-Hungarian foreign minister: opposes universal conscription, 75; and Ausgleich, 75-76; suggests creation ofHonved , 76; and military compromise of 1868, 77; quarrel with John, 79; at the crown council of July 18, 1870, 88; and the Three Emperor's Alliance, 89; policy in Balkan crisis 1877-1878,90-97passim; and occupation of Bosnia-Hercegovina, 101-102; and conclusion of Dual Alliance, 104; quoted in defense ofjoint army arrangements, 120 Annexation Crisis: and Hungarian demands, 147; Austro-Hungarian policy during, 154-156; military measures during, 155; unrest in Slav units during, 148; results of, 156-157 Apponyi, Count Albert, on the army as the school of the nation, 119 Appropriations, military: before 1815,3,4, 5; in Metternich era, 9-10; after 1849, 41-42; effects of Crimean mobilization on, 51...