Small: Life and Death on the Front Lines of Pediatric Surgery

Index

index abdominal compartment syndrome, 58 abdominal wall defects, 49–50. See also gastroschisis acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), 128–31 Affordable Care Act, 135 Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality, 158 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), 29 American Board of Surgery, 29 American College of Surgeons, 92 American Pediatric Surgical Association (APSA), 29 Anderson, Kathryn, 92 anesthesia, 1–3, 18–19, 21, 25–26, 27–28 Armed Forces Institute of Regenerative Medicine (AFIRM), 202 Atala, Anthony, 198–200 Baker, Susan, 97–98 balloon catheters, 144–46 bariatric surgery, 118–19 Barlow, Barbara, 84–102; “Children Can’t Fly” campaign and, 93; Harlem playground campaign of, 98–102; Hero Award, 102 Bartlett, Bob, 65–66, 70–71 Bentec Medical Company, 57–60 Blalock, Alfred, 22–23 Boston Children’s Hospital, 20, 21–22, 27, 65–66, 201 breast cancer, 125–26, 134 Brooks, Benjy, 71–74 Brown, Tom, 175–76 Brownell, Kelly, 107–8 Campbell, Robert, 141–42, 145–46, 147–48 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), 101–2, 104 chemotherapy, 124, 128–31, 132–33, 134–35 childhood cancer: incidence of, 121–23; late effects of initial treatment, 134–35; treatment for, 120–28, 133–36 childhood injuries, 84–85, 91–95, 98–102 childhood obesity: food industry and, 107–10, 112; health issues of, 103–4, 113–17; weight bias and, 111–12 “Children Can’t Fly” campaign, 93 Children’s Cancer Research Foundation, 131 Children’s Hospital Medical Center (Boston), 128–31 ( 226 ) index Children’s Hospital of Los Angeles, 26 Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP), 20–21, 25, 32 Children’s Hospital (Peoria, Illinois), 202 Children’s Memorial Hospital (Chicago), 23–24 Churchill, Edward, 67 clinical trials: childhood cancers and, 123, 128–31; for medical devices, 147, 148, 149–50, 152 Columbia University, 91, 94 congenital anomalies: genetics and, 6–8; incidence of, 5–6 Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 131 Deming, Margery “Margo,” 26 diaphragmatic hernia: ECMO and, 63–65, 74–83; fetal surgery for, 172, 173–74, 181, 184 Dodrill, Forest, 68 Dodrill-GMR heart pump, 68 Donald, Ian, 175–76 Down syndrome, 7 ductus arteriosus, 138–39 Dudrick, Stanley, 37–46 duodenal atresia, 11–14 Edwards, Sterling, 196 Edwards Life Science, 144 esophogeal atresia, 190–95 ethics: of fetal surgery, 170, 172, 173; institutional review boards (IRBs), 42–43, 46–47 EXIT procedure, 181–82 exploratory surgery, on infants, 31–32 Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO): development of, 65–74; for diaphragmatic hernia, 63–65, 74–83; survival rate of, 79 Farber, Sidney, 128–31 Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 163 fetal surgery, 168–85; development of, 169–75; ethics of, 170, 172, 173; EXIT procedure and, 181–82; fetal surgery centers for, 182–83; fetoscopy and, 174, 182; imaging techniques for, 175–77; for spina bifida, 172, 179–81 Fischer, James, 56–60 Fogarty, Tom, 143–46 Fogarty Institute for Innovation, 145 Food and Drug Administration, 148–50 food industry, childhood obesity and, 107–10, 112 gallbladder surgery, for children, 113–15 gastroschisis, 48–62; complications of, 60–62; omphalocele compared to, 49–50, 55, 58; SLS (spring-loaded silo bag) for, 58–62 genetics, congenital anomalies and, 6–8 index ( 227 ) Gibbon, John H., 66–70 Good Samaritan Hospital (­ Cincinnati, Ohio), 143 Gore-Tex, early use of, 196 Groff, Diller, 41 Gross, Robert, 18, 20, 21, 22, 65–66, 70, 73, 190 Haddon, William, 96–98 Haddon Matrix, 97 Haller, Alex, 22–23, 29 Harlem (New York City): “Children Can’t Fly” campaign, 93; Harlem Hospital Injury Prevention Program, 101; injuries treated at Harlem Hospital, 84–85, 91–92; playground campaign, 98–102; traumatic injury research and, 94–95 Harrison, Michael, 169–75, 181, 184 heart-lung machine, ECMO development and, 65–74 Hero Award (Centers for Disease Control), 102 HIDA scan, 113, 115 Highway Safety Act of 1966, 96 Hodgkin’s disease, 134 Holmes, Joseph, 176 Humanitarian Use Device Program (HUD), 150–51 hyaline membrane disease, 27 hydrops fetalis, 169 hypodermoclysis, 20 injury: mortality statistics and, 88–89; prevention campaigns, 93–102; tissue regeneration for, 202 Injury Free Coalition, 101 Injury in America (National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Medicine), 101 Institute of Medicine, 23–24, 101, 157 institutional review boards (IRBs), 42–43, 46–47 Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, 97 intravenous (IV) catheters: cut-down procedure, 17, 19; development of, 28–30 intraventricular hemorrhage, 10, 70 Johnson, Lyndon, 96 Karolinska Institute, 201–2 Kearns, Bob, 142 Kennedy, John...