Arsnick: The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee in Arkansas

Index

African-American political candidates, 92, 145, 222; for alderman, 172; for city council, 28, 198; for Congress, 61; for mayor, 62; for school board, 29, 61, 64, 152, 222; for state representative , 29 Albany, Georgia, xi, 23, 38, 89 Alexander, James D., 61 Alien, Thomas, 58 Allen Temple A.M.E. Church (Pine Bluff), 48, 180, 190 Allen, Thomas, 191 Anderson, Harold B., 7, 10, 11, 19 Aptheker, Herbert, 108 Arkansas: compared to Mississippi, 27, 58, 63, 71, 73, 82; demographics, 36–37, 45, 56, 91, 93, 195–96, 198, 199, 200; pro-segregation legislation, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18; racial climate, 26, 72; pro-segregation legislation, 6, 7, 9, 10, 11, 17, 18. See also Blytheville, Arkansas; Forrest City, Arkansas; Gould, Arkansas; Helena, Arkansas; Little Rock, Arkansas; Lincoln County, Arkansas; Marianna, Arkansas; Marvell, Arkansas; Phillips County, Arkansas; Pine Bluff, Arkansas; St. Francis County, Arkansas; Start City, Arkansas; Stuttgart, Arkansas; West Helena, Arkansas; West Memphis, Arkansas Arkansas Agricultural, Mechanical, and Normal College (AM&N), 66, 91, 101, 115, 162, 167, 182, 188, 196; history of, 41; political climate on campus, 37; state funding and, 42, 25; student activists, 35, 39–41, 42; suspended and expelled students, 36, 44, 47–49, 53, 92, 93, 102–3, 168, 188, 189, 191, 196–97. See also Davis, Lawrence Arkansas Council on Human Relations (ACHR), xii, 6, 12, 55, 83, 210; invites SNCC to Arkansas, 15, 25, 72, 89–90, 195; negotiates for desegregation , 90–91. See also Grinage, Ben; Griswold, Nat; Sutton, Ozell Arkansas Gazette, 30, 32, 55, 66, 75, 79, 202–04, 240–41, 247 Arkansas General Assembly, 42, 45, 47 Arkansas Democrat, 7, 41 Arkansas National Guard, 31 Arkansas State Press, 5 Arkansas Supreme Court, 10, 11–12, 19, 235; ruling in sit-in cases, 18 Arkansas Voice, 78, 135, 224–26 Arnold, Ruth, 55 “Arsnick,” xii, 10, 15, 179 Bagsby, James A., 29, 204 Baker, Ella, 80, 133 Baker, Jack, 247 Baker, Sammy J., 9 Baker, Shirley, 44, 50, 91; arrested, 183 Baraka, Amiri, 142 Barr v. City of Columbia, 19 Bates, Daisy, 5, 6, 9, 129 Bates, L. C., 5–6, 9, 14, 83; negotiates with Faubus, 72 Belafonte, Harry, 95–96 Bell v. Maryland, 19 Bennett, Bruce, 57, 93 Bevel, James, 48 Birmingham, Alabama, 13, 21, 60, 108 Black Nationalism, 33, 70, 80, 96, 108, 114, 153; definition, 99 Black Panther Party, 67 Black Power, xi, xiii, 30, 31–32, 67, 70, 75, 77, 78, 96, 141, 164–65, 180, 247; criticism of, 81, 181; definitions, 73–74, 98–99, 152, 240, 241–42, 243; history of, 113; media portrayal of, 84; meaning for white activists, 69–84, 240; misinterpretation of, 113–14; phrase popularized, 98, 248. See also Carmichael, Stokely Black United Youth (BUY), 31 Blair, Ezell, 3 Blockum, Robert, 58, 60 Blytheville, Arkansas, 93, 96 279 Index Bond, Julian, 89, 99; travels to Africa, 96; runs for office, 113; visits Arkansas, 61, 96; Bouie v. City of Columbia, 19 Bowles, Billy, 11 Boyce, Sam, 62 Boynton, Bruce, 12 Boynton v. Virginia, 12, 13 boycotts 3, 65, 148, 248, 249; in Forrest City, 63, 105, 112, 193, 207; in Gould, 128–29, 150; in Little Rock, 7–9, 12, in Marvell, 155–57, 159; in Pine Bluff, 49,56, 182, 184, 197, 200. See also Montgomery Bus Boycott Bradford, John, 54, 56, 57, 199; arrested, 58, 200 Brandeis University, 77, 132, 133, 134, 160, 161, 249; student newspaper, 220 Bradley family, 145 Branton, Wiley, 10, 11, 18, 36 Briggs, Chester, 5 Broome, Janet, 43, 49, 91 Brown, Bobby, 31 Brown, Ed, 88 Brown, H. Rap, 30, 88 Brown v. Board of Education, 4, 12, 18, 24, 62, 133, 241 Buchanan, McLloyd, 9 Buffington, Ruthie (Hansen), 42, 91, 95, 99, 100, 134; arrested, 50, 183; expelled from AM&N, 44, 47; marries Bill Hansen, 47, 75, 76, 93, 172, 189–90, 203; participates in sit-in, 46–7; works for John Walker, 99 Burns, Beatrice, 187 Bush, William E., 15–16 Butcher, A. L., 60, 62 Bynum, Mr., 149 Cableton, Robert (Bob), xiii, 68, 80, 139, 141, 150, 151–52, 153, 243, 245; arrested, 129, 247–48; arrives in Gould, Arkansas, 128; childhood, 126; criticizes Bill Hansen, 83; criticizes Mississippi Freedom Summer; criticizes SNCC, 72, 131; last Arkansas SNCC member, 248 Callaway, Myrabel, 11 Campbell, “Cull,” 23 Capitol Club, Inc., 210–12 Carmichael, Stokely (Kwame Ture), 27, 30, 33, 68, 69, 70, 80, 81, 88, 97, 133, 134, 142, 146, 180; blamed for demise of Arkansas Project, 180, 247, 248...