Just Below the Line: Disability, Housing, and Equity in the South

Appendix A, B, C, and D

247 APPENDIX A The STEEL Model: Factors Affecting Housing Design and Construction KORYDON H. SMITH Space Home is present in a variety of scales. The corner of a room filled with memorabilia or the country of birth. Individuals can define home as houses or apartments , regions, and states. We use our senses to gather information (sight, sound, taste, touch, smell) and these qualities contribute to our idea of a particular place. Homes at any scale can be lost for a variety of reasons. Consider the definition of sense of place. Objects Home is established through the display of objects that contribute to personal identity. Home can also be defined as a larger place such as a neighborhood with distinct landmarks or expressions of national identity. The creation of home through the use of objects is founded on the basis of choosing the objects for display . For some individuals, objects are used to ameliorate varying levels of functioning; these objects may well not evoke the same emotive qualities mentioned previously and are not choices but are necessities. Identity One’s identity is constructed through and communicated to self and others through space, objects, and activities. The identity develops over time and is protected by the individual. 248 APPENDIX B Meaning of Home JENNIFER WEBB Room or Space within a Room Personal Object Autonomy or Self-Concept Homeland Landmark Integration or Social Identity Territoriality Our ability to control interactions with others is significant to feelings of autonomy and self-esteem. We seek to control our private space as well as feel safe in our home and our larger community. Manipulating the environment and behaviors facilitate desired interactions with other people. Territoriality can have negative qualities: too much privacy leads to feelings of isolation while too little privacy leads to feelings of crowding. The ability to control access to self is critical to feelings of autonomy and self-esteem. Temporality For most, home is the present. However, time can be manipulated. Homes may happen concurrently as with college students or with older adults. Perceptions of home can also be extended beyond our life span as we display heirlooms (objects) that connect us to the past and project us into the future. We extend our home (space) into the future as we envision family or others that will proceed us and will return to and use the home. There can be other temporal markers such as the onset of a disease, a change in circumstances, the improvement or decline following an illness that add a sense of rhythm to a life and to relationships. Activity Home can be defined through activities: activities of daily living such as bathing and dressing, participating in family activities or hobbies, visiting a local grocery or vacationing in a desirable locale. Activities occur with variability in duration, predictability, and frequency . The degree to which necessary or desired activities are facilitated or supported in the environment contributes to comfort and perceived personenvironment fit. APPENDIX B 249 Private Past Personal Public Future Participation Green (●) indicates income-centric programs, blue (■) indicates disability-centric programs, and red (▲) indicates hybrid programs. LEGISLATION ADMINISTRATOR FUNDING National Housing Act (1934) creation of Federal Housing Administration (FHA) FHA Mortgage Insurance Programs: HUD $55 billion (2006) ■ Mortgage Insurance for Nursing Homes, Intermediate Care, Board and Care, and Assisted-living Facilities HUD $1.3 billion (2005) ● Mortgage Insurance for Rental and Cooperative Housing HUD $1 billion (2006) ■ Mortgage Insurance for Rental Housing for the Elderly HUD $7 million (2006) ■ Risk-sharing Program HUD $96 million (2006) ● Mortgage Insurance for Low/Mod Income Buyers HUD U.S. Housing Act (1937) creation of U.S. Housing Authority ● Housing Choice Voucher Program (Section 8) HUD $18.8 billion (2006) ● HOPE I (Indian Housing Homeownership) HUD terminated (1995) ● Public Housing Development Program HUD terminated (2004) ● Major Reconstruction of Obsolete Projects (MROP) HUD terminated (2004) ● Public Housing Capital Fund HUD $2.4 billion (2006) Housing Act (1949, 1954, 1956, 1959, 1964) ▲ Supportive Housing for the Elderly Program (Section 202) HUD $735 million (2006) ▲ Assisted-living Conversion Program (ALCP) HUD ▲ Emergency Capital Repair Program (ECRP) HUD ● Direct Homeownership Loan Program and Loan Guarantee Program (Section 502) USDA $4 billion (2006) 250 APPENDIX C Housing Legislation, Programs, Agencies, and Funding KORYDON H. SMITH ● Mutual Self-Help Housing Loan Program (Section 523) USDA $34 million (2006) ▲ Rural Housing Repair and Rehabilitation Loans and...