Coming of Political Age: American Schools and the Civic Development of Immigrant Youth

Figures and Tables

Figures and tables Figure 1.1. Share of Children of Immigrants Ages Five to Seventeen, by State, 1990 and 2008 19 Figure 1.2. Citizen Voter Registration by Age, U.S. Presidential Elections, 1996 to 2008 26 Figure 1.3. Citizen Voter Turnout by Age, U.S. Presidential Elections, 1996 to 2008 27 Figure 1.4. Eighteen- to Twenty-Four-Year-Old Citizen Voter Turnout by Education, U.S. Presidential Elections, 1996 to 2008 28 Figure 1.5. Eighteen- to Twenty-Four-Year-Old Citizen Voter Turnout by Race-Ethnicity, U.S. Presidential Elections, 1996 to 2008 29 Figure 1.6. Eighteen- to Twenty-Four-Year-Old Citizen Voter Turnout by Parental Nativity and Race-Ethnicity, U.S. Presidential Elections, 1996 to 2008 30 Figure 2.1. Word Cloud: Teachers’ Answers to the Question “Why do you think social science matters for children of immigrants?” 43 Figure 3.1. Language Minority Tenth-Graders, by Generational Status, 2002 49 Figure 3.2. Language Minority Adolescents Speaking the Native Language with Their Mother, by Generational Status and Frequency of Use, 2002 50 Figure 3.3. Language Minority Adolescents Speaking the Native Language with Siblings, by Generational Status and Frequency of Use, 2002 51 Callahan.indb 7 2/4/2013 12:15:42 PM viii Figures and Tables Figure 3.4. Language Minority Adolescents Speaking the Native Language with Friends, by Generational Status and Frequency of Use, 2002 52 Figure 4.1. Language Minority Students Completing College Preparatory Coursework by End of High School, by Likelihood of ESL Placement, 2004 73 Figure 4.2. Language Minority Students’ Predicted Senior Year Math Test Score, by Likelihood of ESL Placement, 2004 74 Figure 4.3. Language Minority Students’ Predicted Cumulative Grade Point Average, by Likelihood of ESL Placement, 2004 75 Figure 6.1. Association Between Parental Education and Voting and Registering to Vote in Young Adulthood, by Generation 112 Figure 6.2. Association Between Social Science Credits and Voting and Registering to Vote in Young Adulthood, by Generation 113 Table 1.1. Public High Schools by Latino Destination District Type, 2000 22 Table 3.1. Proportions of Children of Immigrants and Children of Native-Born Parents Who Participate in Extracurricular and Volunteering Activities, 1994– 2001 and 2002 57 Table 3.2. Characteristics of Friends of Children of Immigrants and Children of Native-Born Parents: Means and Proportions, 1994–2001 58 Table 3.3. Students’ Attitudes About School and Teachers, Including Their College Aspirations and Expectations: Means and Proportions, 1994–2001 and 2004 60 Table 4.1. High School Academic Achievement and Attainment, by Immigrant Status: Proportions, Means, and Standard Deviations for Averages, 1994–2001 and 2004 66 Table 4.2. Multivariate Models of High School Academic Achievement and Attainment: Immigrant Status and Other Background Characteristics, 2004 70 Callahan.indb 8 2/4/2013 12:15:42 PM Figures and Tables ix Table 5.1. Mean Social Science Credits by Generational Status, 1994–2000 82 Table 5.2. OLS Regression Coefficients from Models Predicting Social Science Grade Point Average 94 Table 5.3. OLS Regression Coefficients from Models Predicting Social Science Credits 95 Table 6.1. Proportions or Means and Standard Deviations (Weighted) for Analytic Sample, by Generational Status 103 Table 6.2. Logistic Regression Predicting Voter Registration in Young Adulthood 106 Table 6.3. Logistic Regression Predicting Voting in Young Adulthood 110 Table 6.4. Logistic Regression Predicting Identification with a Political Party in Young Adulthood 116 Table A.1. High School Characteristics 136 Table A.2. Student Background Characteristics, by Generation 138 Table A.3. Nationally Board-Certified Teacher Participants 141 Table A.4. Latino/a Immigrant Young Adult Participants 142 Callahan.indb 9 2/4/2013 12:15:43 PM Callahan.indb 10 2/4/2013 12:15:43 PM ...