Low-Wage Work in the Wealthy World

Index

Index Boldface numbers refer to figures and tables Abel-Smith, B., 326 Accor, 275, 276, 308 active labor market policies (ALMPs), 170–75, 177–78 African Americans, 273 Afro-Caribbeans, 274 age analysis: call center workers, 428; employment, 45, 47; low-wage work incidence, 41 aging, of population, 325 agriculture, 47 ALMPs (active labor market policies), 170–75, 177–78 Andersson, F ., 238 Angrist, J., 153 annual leave, 63, 78 antidiscrimination laws, 116, 117, 123 Appelbaum, E., 1–2, 319, 349, 363n1 apprenticeships, 74, 149, 150 Arla Foods, 382 Asian immigrants, 273–74 assistant nurses. See nursing assistants at-will employment, 123 automation, 372, 386–87, 401–4, 407 automobile industry, 139n8 BaconCo., 405 Bailey, T., 213, 232, 259 banking, 426, 442, 449, 454–55, 456. See also call centers Barmby, T., 64 Barnard, C., 58 Batt, R., 442–43, 464n1 Baum, T., 277 Beraud, M., 464n1 Berg, P., 351 Bernhardt, A., 1–2, 213, 232, 259, 303, 307 Bernstein, J., 140n20 Bertola, G., 154 Best Western, 276 Bielenski, H., 307 big-box retailers, 205, 215, 233, 248, 253–54 Bismarckian systems, 157 Blau, F ., 154 Blázquez Cuesta, M., 84n6 blue-collar workers, 117 Boisard, P., 53–54 bonuses, 254, 290, 388, 398–99 Bosch, G., 26 Brals, D., 84n6 brands and branding, 371, 374 breaks, employee, 282 bridge jobs to retirement, 164–66 business strategy, 200–201, 204–5, 212–13, 230, 255 Cadbury Schweppes, 377, 379, 383 call centers: collective bargaining’s impact on pay levels, 104, 193–94, 432–38, 461; cross-country differences in job quality, 15–16; data sources, 424; emergence of, 192, 421, 424–27; expansion due to deregulation , 128; functionally-flexible jobs, 452–60; labor turnover, 457; lowwage work incidence, 192–94, 429–30, 433; offshoring, 192; outsourcing , 104, 114, 209, 426–27, 430, 431–32, 439, 441, 443, 461–62; physical location of, 454; research considerations and findings, 422–24, 460–63; routinization of jobs, 447–52; unionization, 441, 442; wage levels, 430–32; wage variation be- call centers (cont.) tween countries, 432–43; workforce characteristics, 427–30; work organization , 194–95, 421–22, 443–47 Canada: call centers, 427, 443; sickness leave, 64 Carcillo, S., 170 career advancement opportunities. See job mobility Cargill, 376 Carlsberg, 382 Caroli, È, 407 Carroll, M., 363n1 cashiers. See clerks and cashiers Caterer and Hotelkeeper, 305 centralization, of collective bargaining, 101 checkout process, 204, 230–31, 232, 233–34, 236 child care, 158, 159–60, 258 child care subsidies, 159–60, 162 cleaners, in hospitals. See hospital cleaners cleaners, in hotels. See hotel room attendants cleaning companies, 188, 283, 285–86, 291, 304 clerks and cashiers: cross-country differences in job quality, 14; immigrants , 261n4; work organization and schedules, 205–6, 215, 236, 238. See also retail industry Clucks, 403–4, 405 CNEF (Cross-National Equivalent File), 85n15 Colin, T., 464n1 collective bargaining agreements: architecture of, 93–102; call centers, 104, 193–94, 432–38, 461; and commission pay, 253; enforcement of, 135–36; food-processing industry, 102; hospitals, 103–4, 335–36; hotel industry, 102–3, 199, 293, 294, 295–98, 302, 304; and minimum wage, 111; multi-employer agreements , 99–100, 212; and pay levels by industry, 102–4; as pay-setting institution , 91, 92; retail industry, 103, 248–49 commission pay, 239, 244, 252–54 compensation: bonuses, 254, 290, 388, 398–99; commission pay, 239, 244, 252–54. See also nonwage benefits; wages and earnings competitive conditions: food-processing industry, 367, 370–75; hospitals, 348; hotel industry, 274, 292, 305; retail industry, 215 concentration, of low-wage work, 42, 47, 72–73 confectionery industry: automation, 402; business strategy, 200–201; characteristics of, 369; collective bargaining agreements, 102; crosscountry comparison, 375–83; flexible staffing and work hours, 399–400; gender differences, 408; wages, 203–4; working conditions, 368 consolidation: call centers, 442; confectionery industry, 200–201; foodprocessing industry, 372, 376; hotel industry, 196, 275, 308 construction industry, 127 consumer demand, 373 consumer electronics: commission pay, 239, 252–54; customer service, 204–5; female employees, 246; industry characteristics, 219; job mobility, 243, 244–45; low-wage work incidence , 247; part-time employment, 221; productivity, 246; staffing levels, 216; worker engagement, 235; worker skill requirements, 231 convenience foods, 371 cooperatives, 381, 382 coordinated market economies, 26, 135 coordination, of collective bargaining, 101 Cornell University, Cross-National Equivalent File (CNEF), 85n15 corporate strategy, 200–201, 204–5, 212–13, 230, 255 cost-cutting practices: food-processing companies, 372, 384; hotel industry, 468 Index [13...