The Economic Sociology of Immigration: Essays on Networks, Ethnicity, and Entrepreneurship

Index

Index Boldface numbers refer to figures and tables. abortion: and births to adolescents, 224 Abowd, J. M., 119n absorption: see assimilation academic performance: of second generation , factors affecting, 269-272, 270271 acculturation: effects of, on academic performance, 272; factors retarding, 257; to minority norms, 274; and social mobility, 249, 251 action: see economic action; rational action ; social action activity space: and information, 115, 117; and institutional environments for employers and workers, 110, 114; as institutional space, 110, 117; and labor markets , 90, 101, 115-117 adaptation: early studies of, 2; and mobility , 251; problems of, for second generation, 248-249; see also assimilation ; economic adjustment adjustment: importance of family for, 69-70; and naturalization, 62; and patterned temporal expectations, 59; and temporary migration, 42; see also assimilation adolescent pregnancies: in California, 239; and immigrants, 239; levels of, among blacks and whites, 224-225; among Nicaraguan immigrants in Miami , 240; and poverty in different contexts , 234; and public aid in Europe and North America, 247n; rate of, convergence of black and white, 225 adolescent pregnancies in ghetto: and lack of opportunities and resources, 240; and poverty, debate on, 223-227; racial and cultural predispositions to, 244n; research design for studying, 228; as strategic research sites, 223224 ; and unemployment, 214-215; and welfare, 214-215, 237; and welfare state, 244n adversarial culture: development of, 256-257; and downward assimilation, 254; of inner-city dwellers, 249, 252; of Mexican Americans in California, 256, 265 AFDC: see Aid to Families with Dependent Children African Americans: policy of, regarding entrepreneurship, 202 African Americans in ghetto: adolescent pregnancies of (see adolescent pregnancies in ghetto); immigrant origins of, 214, 240; and impoverishment, 214; men's and women's views of each other, 232; and middle class migration to suburbs, 214; and out-ofwedlock births to adolescents, 221; and resources to realize norms and values, 221; and social and occupational mobility, 240; and social networks , 222, 223; as strategic resource sites, 223-224; and supposed effects of public aid, 225; as urban underclass , 214; see also blacks; ghetto Aid to Families with Dependent Children (AFDC): and adolescent pregnancies , 224; original purpose of, 225; unintended consequences of, 214 281 Aiken, L. S., 188nn, 190, 209n, 21On, 211nn Alarcon, R., 278n Alba, R. D., 37n, 40n Aldrich, H., 37n, 162n, 163n, 167, 168, 169, 205n, 206nn, 208nn Alexander, A. P., 204n 282 Index aliens, resident: and citizenship, 61; see also naturalization Allen, R. L., xn Altonji, L 93, 119n altruism: and economic action, 4 Amsterdam: social distance between entrepreneurs and customers in, 147 Anderson, Marian: and the DAR, x, xin Anderson, Michael, 84n Aponte, R, 247n approval: quest for, and economic action , 4-5, 6 Archdeacon, T. J., 80n, 81n, 83n Ardener, 5., 138, 139, 160nn Arensberg, C. M., 34n Argentina, immigrants from: and modes of incorporation, 26 ascription: and black moral solidarity, 141-142; and rotating credit associations , 141; and social networks in ghetto, 217 Asia, immigrants from: and family values , 70; rates of naturalization for, 62; see also Cambodia; Chinese immigrants ; Japan; Philippines; Punjab; Vietnam Asians: correlations of ranks of self-employment rates and incomes, 184, 185; entrepreneurship of, supply and demand for in Great Britain, 174-175; ethnicity, effects of, on self-employment rates, 191-198, 192-194; internal heterogeneity of, 201; operationally defined , 186-188, 189; ranks for self-employment income of, 182, 184; ranks for self-employment rates of, 181, 181-184; SMSA with highest rank for self-employment rates and income of, 182, 183; see also Vietnamese Americans assets: see resources assimilation: effects of, 249, 251; to inner -city culture, 256-257; of Italian Americans, 274; of Nicaraguan immigrants in Miami, 240; pressures toward , 57-58; of second-generation Haitians and Sikhs, 249-251; and social context, 248-249; types of, 251252 ; see also downward assimilation; segmented assimilation attitudes: individual vs. community, 269; of second-generation, 265-268, 266; toward self-employment and thrift as ethnic resource, 185-189 Aubey, R, 165n authority: and boundaries, 143; in family , 145; and power, 4-5 autonomy, 261; and gaps in social networks , 259-260; personal, in ghetto, 235; structural, and weak ties, 259 Bach, R. L., 22, 39n, 40n, 85n, 119n, 278n, 278nn Baguio City (Philippines): entrepreneurship and Filipino kinship in, 144-145; interlocal networks of Chinese grocers in, 151 Bailey, T. R, 29, 38n, 40nn, 123n, 126n, 174, 207n, 277n Bali: social capital and ethnic enterprises in, 14; see also Tabanan Baltimore: adolescent pregnancy rate in, and teenage births, 227-228 Baltimore, West: see ghetto...