Century of Difference: How America Changed in the Last One Hundred Years

Index

INDEX abortion, public opinion regarding, 224–25, 354–55n33–34 affirmative action, 284n82 AfricanAmericans: black mobilization, public opinion regarding, 52–53, 223; consumption, convergence of white and black, 154–56; disadvantages faced by, continuing, 55–56; earnings, 117, 119, 144; education, 12, 17; household living arrangements , 60–61, 78–81; intermarriage involving, 44–45, 50–52, 223, 256–59; men’s economic circumstances , deterioration of, 80; name for, changing preferences regarding, 33–34; premarital sex, opinions regarding , 300n90; residence in urban areas, 174–76; segregation experienced by (see segregation); as a special case in the twentieth century, 247; tolerance of racial diversity, shifting opinions reflecting, 46–49, 221–23; in the 2000 census, 25–26; unemployment experienced by, 129–30; wealth gap experienced by, 149.See also race age: the elderly, preferences regarding living arrangements for, 92–93; generation gap regarding women’s roles, 219–20; income inequality and, 142–43; labor force participation and, 98, 102–4; wealth accumulation and, 150–51 alcohol consumption, 227–29 Alito, Samuel, 224 Allen, Frederick Lewis, 304n37 Alm, Richard, 310n12 Alwin, Duane, 301n98 American Housing Survey, 322n85 Amiel,Yoram, 261 ancestry: changing significance of, 54–56; city-suburban-rural residence and, 166–67; continental categories of, 34–36; continent-oforigin diversity, the fall and rise of, 36–39; diversity of in 2000, 28–29; earnings differentials and, 117, 144; educational disparities and, 16–17; graduation rates and, 12–16; history of perceptions of, 23–24, 30–34; immigration and (see immigration/ immigrants); labor force participation and, 99–100; prejudice and tolerance regarding, shifts in, 46–53; residential segregation by, 169, 180–82 (see also segregation); the shift from rural to suburban and, 174–76, 178.See also ethnicity; race ArabAmericans, census treatment of, 33 Arlyck, Ralph, 224 AsianAmericans: earnings by, 117; educational attainments of, 16–17; intermarriage rate of, 44–45 Becker, Gary, 302–3n11 Bellow, Saul, 2 Bender,Thomas, 2 Birch, Eugenie L., 328n26, 335n59 birth rates, 65–68 Bishop, George, 338n16 blacks.SeeAfricanAmericans Blau, Peter, 20–21 Blossfeld, Hans-Peter, 274n11 Bogardus, Emory S., 47, 54 Bogue, Donald, 330n44 Bolzendahl, Catherine, 351n18, 352n27 Brady, Henry, 339n19, 343n51 Bramlett, Matthew D., 290n32 Brewster, Karin, 351n18 Brooks, Clem, 351n18, 352n27 Brooks, David, 214 Brower, Susan, 285n1, 285n3 Brown, Claire, 318–19n71 Bryce, James, 186 Buchanan, Patrick J., 214–15, 230 Burke, John, 281n55 Burton, Philip, 280n50 Bush, GeorgeW., 186, 200 business geography, 230–31 Butz, Earl, 46 California, system of higher education built in, 10, 251 California, University of, 251 capital punishment, public opinion regarding , 225–27 Caplow,Theodore, 343n53 Carmichael, Stokely, 34 Carson, Brad, 347n1 Carter, Jimmy, 200–201 Celler, Emanuel, 280n50 Chamber of Commerce, U.S., 9 Chaves, Mark, 196, 206 Cherlin,Andrew, 291n36 children:AfricanAmerican, nature of households lived in by, 60–61; changes over the century for, 242; “equality of child survival,” U.S. ranking on index of, 311n15; household living arrangements experienced by, 59–62, 78–80, 287n9; how many to have, preferences regarding , 88–89, 227–28; labor by, 301n3; women’s labor force participation and, 99, 101.See also families and family life Christian Holiness Partnership, 189 Civilian Conservation Corps, 307n78 Claritas, 231 Cleveland,William S., 254, 284n77 cohabitation, 59, 70, 287n9 Cohen, Lizabeth, 336n74 Collins,William, 316n52 Columbus Day parade, 1, 8, 240 communities, types of: economic class, city-suburb replacing rural-urban as critical difference regarding, 176–78; education and occupational differences, distribution across, 333–34n58, 333n56; foreign-born in, percentages of, 331n49; geographical divides based on, 163; income differences across, 145, 313–14n34;“metropolitan area,” definition of, 327n19; public opinion regarding ideal size of family differentiated by, 227–28; public opinion regarding women’s roles differentiated by, 219–20; segregation in (see segregation); shift from rural to suburban, 172–80, 244; “suburb,” definition of, 324–25n6; tolerance of religious and racial diversity across, 221–23; in 2000, differences across, 165–68; the unmarried , distribution across, 334–35n59.See also regions of the country; social geography Conley, Dalton, 315n45 consumption: differences in 2000, 139; food and recreation, ratio of spending on by class groups, 319n71; inequality in, evaluating, 157–58; ownership, trends in, 404 Index 154–57; spending, long-term trends in, 153–54; spending and ownership , dynamics of, 151–53 Costa, Dora, 105, 318n69 Cowell, Frank, 261, 360n5 Cox, Michael, 310n12 cultural diversity, 212–14, 239, 245; cultural clusters, capsule descriptions of, 235–37; cultural clusters...